青贮玉米自交系主要农艺性状与产量性状分析

Analysis on Major Agronomic Traits and Yield Traits of Inbred Lines in Silage Maize

为了探讨青贮玉米自交系主要农艺性状对产量的影响,筛选出综合性状优良的自交系用于青贮玉米育种。本研究对17个青贮玉米自交系材料的植株性状、果穗性状、产量性状进行方差分析、变异分析、相关性分析。结果表明,N00、温611自交系的株高、穗位高、全株干重、全株鲜重、籽粒产量均显著或极显著高于大部分自交系,可作为今后通用型粮饲青贮玉米育种的骨干亲本。各性状变异系数依次为:秃尖长>籽粒产量>雄穗分枝>全株鲜重>全株干重>百粒重>穗位高>株高>穗行数>茎粗>出籽率。相关系数表明,调查的8个主要农艺性状中对产量影响较大的是株高、穗位高、百粒重、出籽率、茎粗,在自交系的培育中应着重挑选穗位、株高、出籽率、粒重和茎粗等性状,同时还需把雄穗分枝、秃尖长等其他性状作为综合考虑的因素。

In order to explore the effects of main agronomic traits on yield of silage maize(Zea mays L.)inbred lines and screen excellent inbred lines suitable for breeding in Yunnan Province,in this study the variance analysis,variation analysis and correlation analysis were conducted on plant traits,ear traits and yield traits of 17 silage maize inbred lines.The results showed that the plant height,ear height,dry weight of whole plant,and yield traits of N00 and Wen611 inbred lines were significantly higher than those of most inbred lines,which could be used as the backbone parents for general grain-fed silage maize breeding in the future.The coefficients of variation for each trait in order were as follows:bald tip length>grain yield>male ear branching>fresh weight of whole plant>dry weight of whole plant>100 grain weight>ear height>plant height>row number of ears>stem diameter>seed yield.The correlation coefficient showed that among the eight agronomic traits investigated,plant height,ear height,hundred grain weight,seed yield and stem diameter had a greater impact on the yield.Panicle position,plant height,seed yield,grain weight and stem diameter should be selected in the cultivation of inbred lines,and other traits such as male ear branching and bald tip length should be taken as comprehensive factors.