胃肠间质瘤的诊治进展和展望

Progress and prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors

胃肠间质瘤(GIST)是一种原发于胃肠道的最常见间叶源性肿瘤,主要与KIT和PDGFRA基因突变有关,且与患者的年龄、性别、病理分化水平等因素相关。GIST的临床表现包括腹痛、消化不良、胃肠出血等,诊断方法涉及内镜、影像学检查和病理学评估。GIST的治疗策略依据肿瘤特性和个体情况定制,包括手术、药物治疗和靶向治疗。随着分子生物学的发展,对GIST的理解日益深入,GIST的多种诊断技术和治疗都有了新的进展,特别是在个体化、精准医疗和靶向治疗方面有极大的进步。

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is the most common mesenchymal tumor originating from the gastrointestinal tract,mainly associated with KIT and PDGFRA gene mutations,and related to factors such as patient age,gender,and pathological differentiation level.The clinical manifestations of GIST include abdominal pain,indigestion,gastrointestinal bleeding,etc.The diagnostic methods involve endoscopy,imaging examination,and pathological evaluation.The treatment strategy for GIST is customized based on tumor characteristics and individual circumstances,including surgery,drug therapy,and targeted therapy.With the development of molecular biology,the understanding of GIST has become increasingly profound,and various diagnostic techniques and treatments for GIST have made new progress,especially in individualization,precision medicine,and targeted therapy.