岭南与长江中下游:跨区域贸易背景下的徽商活动与皖南古村落

The Lingnan Area and the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Basin:Huizhou Merchant Activities and Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui under the Background of Inter-regional Trade

本文通过整理黟县卢村的相关书信,探讨清代徽商活动对徽州村落社会的影响。从中可见,至迟从盛清时代开始,黟县的经济就与跨区域之贸易活动密切相关。岭南的广州及长江中下游之汉口、九江和大通等,都与僻野山乡的卢村发生了颇为密切的关联。尤其是在茶叶经营中,从茶叶生产到销售过程的诸多环节上皆充满了竞争,理性的商人根据汉口、广州的茶市行情,精心策划营销策略、拟定购销规模,以争取自身利益的最大化。而从频繁的茶叶贸易中获取的利润则源源不断地流入皖南,促进了徽州村落社会的发展。

This article explores the impact of Huizhou merchants'activities on the social life of Huizhou villages during Qing Dynasty by organizing letters from Lu Village in Yi County.It can be seen that,at the latest from the prosperous Qing era,the economy of Yi County has been closely related to inter-regional trade activities.Whether Guangzhou,which is located in the South China,or Hankou,Jiujiang and Datong,etc.,which are located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,many important port cities have been quite closely associated with the remote mountain village of Lu.Especially in the tea business,there is fierce competition in many aspects from tea production to sales.In order to maximize their own interests,rational merchants carefully planed marketing strategies and set purchase and sales scales according to the tea market conditions in Hankou and Guangzhou.The profits obtained from the frequent tea trade flowed into southern Anhui continuously,and then promoted the development of Huizhou village society.