纳米泡载药靶向治疗动脉粥样硬化的研究进展

Progress in drug-targeted therapy of arteriosclerosis with nanobubbles

动脉粥样硬化(AS)是我国城乡居民心血管疾病相关死亡的主要原因。目前的治疗方法是使用西药或中成药,以简单的制剂口服或静脉注射。然而,该方法存在生物利用度低、治疗持续时间长、患者依从性差等局限性,导致治疗效果普遍较差。为了克服这些挑战,细胞外囊泡已成为一种有前途的天然纳米递送系统,它可以有效地将治疗药物靶向特定位置,而不会对其他系统造成不利影响。这种方法在精准治疗心血管疾病方面具有巨大潜力。在各类细胞外囊泡中,仿生纳米气泡因其优越的生物相容性、无毒、靶向能力强、对肝肾损伤极小而受到关注。本文全面综述了AS治疗策略的最新进展,以及利用纳米气泡(包括传统纳米气泡药物递送和仿生纳米气泡药物递送)治疗AS的最新进展。

Atherosclerotic(AS)is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease-related deaths among both urban and rural residents in China.The current treatment approach involves the use of Western or traditional Chinese patent medicines,which are administered orally or intravenously in simple preparations.However,this method has several limitations including low bioavailability,long treatment duration,and poor patient compliance,resulting in generally poor treatment outcomes.To overcome these challenges,extracellular vesicles have emerged as a promising natural nanodelivery system that can effectively target therapeutic drugs to specific locations without causing adverse effects on other systems.This approach holds significant potential for precise treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Among the various types of extracellular vesicles,biomimetic nanobubbles have gained attention due to their superior biocompatibility,non-toxic nature,strong targeting ability,and minimal liver and kidney damage.This article provides a comprehensive review of the recent advancements in the treatment strategies for AS and the latest progress in the use of nanobubbles,including traditional nanobubble drug delivery and biomimetic nanobubble drug delivery,for the treatment of AS.