基于工程地质分区的某钨矿爆破参数优化

Blasting parameter optimization of a tungsten mine based on engineering geological zoning

针对复杂岩性矿山爆破参数单一所导致整体爆破效果不佳、大块率高、存在根底、边坡不平整等问题,通过矿区工程地质岩组划分及爆破参数优化现场试验进行爆破工程地质分区,将该矿区分为Ⅰ~Ⅵ区,并基于岩石力学参数测定、地质强度调查及现场爆破试验提出适用于不同分区的预裂爆破及深孔台阶爆破参数。试验结果表明:Ⅰ区废石、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ区预裂爆破建议单耗0.3 kg/m^(3);Ⅱ区预裂爆破建议单耗0.32 kg/m^(3);Ⅰ区矿石预裂、采矿爆破单耗为0.38~0.39 kg/m^(3)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ区线装药密度建议0.65~0.70 kg/m;Ⅲ区根据风化程度不同建议线装药密度0.4~0.5 kg/m;Ⅳ区线装药密度建议0.54~0.57 kg/m;Ⅴ区线装药密度建议0.57~0.60 kg/m;Ⅵ区线装药密度建议0.52~0.54 kg/m。该爆破参数下,矿山预裂爆破半孔率达85%以上,采矿爆破平均大块率从20%降至10%,降幅达50%。

Aiming at the problems of poor overall blasting effect,bulk rate,uneven foundation and slope caused by single blasting parameters in complex rock mines.Through the division of engineering geological rock group and the field test of blasting parameter optimization,the blasting engineering geological zoning is carried out.The mining area is divided into Ⅰ~Ⅵ areas.Based on the determination of rock mechanics parameters,geological strength investigation and field blasting test,the pre-splitting blasting and deep hole bench blasting parameters suitable for different zones are proposed.The test results show that the recommended unit consumption of waste rock in zone Ⅰ,pre-splitting blasting in zones Ⅳ,Ⅴ and Ⅵ is 0.3 kg/m^(3);the recommended unit consumption of pre-splitting blasting in zone Ⅱ is 0.32 kg/m^(3).The unit consumption of ore pre-splitting and mining blasting in zone Ⅰ is 0.38~0.39 kg/m^(3).The of line charge density in zone Ⅰ and zone Ⅱ is recommended to be 0.65~0.70 kg/m;According to the different degree of weathering,it is suggested that the line charge density is 0.4~0.5 kg/m in zone Ⅲ.The of line charge density in zone Ⅳ is suggested to be 0.54~0.57 kg/m;the of line charge density in Ⅴ zone is suggested to be 0.57~0.60 kg/m;the line charge density in zone Ⅵ is recommended to be 0.52~0.54 kg/m.Under the blasting parameters,the half-hole rate of pre-splitting blasting in this mine is more than 85%,and the average bulk rate of mining blasting is reduced from 20%to 10%,with a decrease of 50%.