钻爆法隧道上台阶爆破炮孔装药量精细计算方法

Precise calculation method of explosive charge mass in stepped blasting holes on tunnel by drilling and blasting method

目前隧道钻爆法施工技术日趋成熟,但炮孔装药量的精细计算仍缺乏可靠的经验或理论公式。基于利文斯顿爆破漏斗理论,考虑隧道上台阶爆破方案设计中的炮孔孔距、排距和倾角等因素,提出了倾斜与垂直炮孔负担爆破岩石体积的计算方法。考虑岩石坚固性系数、爆生临空面方向等因素的影响,建立了炸药单耗优化计算方法。最后,基于炮孔装药量经验体积计算公式,提出了隧道上台阶爆破炮孔装药量精细计算的方法。依托临沂至滕州高速公路寨山隧道开挖试验段,验证了炮孔装药量计算方法的可靠性,研究成果对指导隧道精细爆破具有重要意义。

At present,the construction technology of tunnel drilling and blasting method is becoming more and more mature,but the precise calculation of the charge mass of the blast hole still lacks reliable experience or theoretical formula.Based on Livingston's blasting crater theory,considering the factors such as hole spacing,row spacing and inclination angle in the design of bench blasting scheme on tunnel,the calculation method of blasting rock volume with inclined and vertical hole burden is proposed.Considering the influence of factors such as rock firmness coefficient and direction of detonation free surface,an optimization calculation method of explosive unit consumption is established.Finally,based on the empirical volume calculation formula of blast hole charge,a method for fine calculation of blast hole charge in tunnel bench blasting is proposed.Based on the excavation test section of Zhaishan Tunnel of Linyi-Tengzhou Expressway,the reliability of the calculation method of blasthole charge is verified.The research results are of great significance to guide the fine blasting of tunnel.