社会比较理论视角下企业员工创新身份“双刃剑”效应形成机制探讨——基于追踪问卷调查有效数据的实证检验

A Discussion on the Formation Mechanism of“Double-edged Sword”Effect of Employee Creative Role Identity from the Perspective of Social Comparison Theory:An Empirical Examination Based on Tracking Survey Data

企业员工创新身份的“双刃剑”效应缘于对其工作行为共存的创新行为效应和偏离行为效应。笔者基于社会比较理论,在构建了一个企业员工创新身份“双刃剑”效应研究模型的基础上,以来自对高新技术企业员工三个时点追踪调查问卷的有效数据,运用路径分析和bootstrap方法,实证检验了企业员工创新身份与其创新行为和偏离行为之“双刃剑”效应的关联性。检验结果证实:企业员工创新身份通过创新过程参与感与其创新行为正相关;企业员工创新身份通过心理特权感与其偏离行为正相关;企业员工创新身份的“双刃剑”效应,受制于创新普遍性氛围且因之高、低不同而调节方向相反。本研究通过尝试性地将员工创新过程参与感、心理特权感和创新普遍性氛围等相关变量引入探究企业员工创新身份与其创新行为和偏离行为相对应之积极影响和消极影响的关联中,扩展了社会比较理论的应用边界,丰富了组织行为学研究领域的现有相关文献,研究结论有助于为企业有效管理员工创新身份提供理论依据。

The“double-edged sword”effect of employee creative role identity arises from the coexistence of their innovative behavior effect and deviant behavior effect in the workplace.Drawing upon social comparison theory,the author constructed a research model on the“double-edged sword”effect of employee creative role identity in enterprises.Using valid data from surveys conducted at three time points among employees of high-tech enterprises,path analysis and bootstrap methods were employed to empirically examine the relationship between employee creative role identity and its“double-edged sword”effect on both innovative behavior and deviant behavior.The test confirms that:employee creative role identity of enterprise is positively correlated with innovation behaviort hrough the creative process engagement;employee creative role identity of enterprise is positively correlated with deviant behavior through the sense of psychological entitlement.The“double-edged sword”effect of employee creative role identity is moderated by the perceived prevalence of creativity,with opposite directions of moderation for high and low levels.By trying to introduce variables such as employee creative process engagement,psychological entitlement,and perception of the prevalence of creativity into the study of the positive and negative impacts of employee creative role identity on innovative behavior and deviant behavior,this study expands the application scope of social comparison theory and enriches the existing literature in the field of organizational behavior.The research conclusions can serve as a theoretical foundation for enterprises for effectively managing employee creative role identity.