跨断层工程结构研究中地震断层作用研究综述

Review of research on seismic faulting in cross-fault engineering structures

强震断层地震动的破坏作用主要表现为断层破裂引起的方向性效应和断层盘间错动引起的滑冲效应。其中断层盘间的滑冲错动会使跨断层结构面临严峻的错断风险,是跨断层结构抗错断设计、分析和进行防灾减灾决策必须考虑的内容和前提。但目前有关跨断层工程结构设计地震动的确定尚缺乏统一的方法和规定。通过对近年来跨断层结构破坏机理研究中的输入地震动,尤其是模型试验中地震动的选取和加载方式的归纳与总结,分析了断层作用地震动选取和加载方法的特点与局限性。针对现阶段强震断层地震动选用和试验加载方式中存在的问题进行探讨,提出断层作用下设计地震动的选取思路和方法,以期为跨断层工程研究输入地震动的选用提供借鉴,也为强震断层地震动模拟方法的研究提供参考。

The damage of fault ground motion is mainly manifested as the directivity effect caused by fault rupture and the fling-step effect caused by fault dislocation.Among them,the slip and thrust dislocation between fault plates will make the cross-fault structures face severe fault risks,which is the content and premise of the anti-fault design,analysis and disaster prevention and reduction decision of the cross-fault structures.However,there is still a lack of uniform methods and regulations for the determination of ground motion in cross-fault engineering structures design.Based on the induction and summary of the input ground motion in recent years,especially the selection and loading methods of ground motion in model tests,the characteristics and limitations of the selection and loading methods of fault induced ground motion are analyzed.This paper discusses the problems existing in the selection of ground motion and test loading methods of fault ground motion,and puts forward the selection ideas and methods of design ground motion under fault action to provide reference for the selection of ground motion input in cross-fault engineering research and for the research of fault ground motion simulation methods.