降低造船龙门起重机起升减速器输入轴非零速急刹断轴风险

Reduction of the risk of shaft breakage caused by non-zero speed quick braking of the input shaft of the hoisting reducer of shipbuilding gantry crane

起升减速器为起重机起升机构关键部件,其可靠性关系到造船龙门起重机整机的使用安全。文中通过对某公司2008年交付使用的800 t龙门起重机减速器拆检状态的回顾和分析,通过应力和振动分析对带制动减速器输入轴进行维修改进。针对带制动减速器输入轴的轴承定位用卡簧槽在意外急刹时的高应力集中问题,采取了最优设计整改方案,通过取消卡簧槽,将调心轴承改为锥轴承而重新定位,降低了输入轴制动时的峰值应力和断轴风险;研讨通过传动齿轮轴动平衡改善,减小振动烈度,降低减速器(及起升机构部件)损坏风险。以上措施的实施,既能满足超频、高效运行的使用要求,又保证了龙门起重机起升机构的本质安全。该方案的成功实施对造船龙门起重机起升机构减速器的维修和选型具有一定的指导价值。

Hoisting reducer is the key component of crane hoisting mechanism,and its reliability is related to the overall use safety of shipbuilding gantry crane.In this paper,based on the review and analysis of the disassembly and inspection status of the gearbox of 800 t gantry crane delivered by a company in 2008,the input shaft of the gearbox with brake is repaired and improved through stress and vibration analysis.Considering that the snap spring groove for bearing positioning with brake gearbox input shaft will have high stress concentration when it is suddenly braked unexpectedly,the optimal design improvement proposal was adopted,the snap spring groove was removed,and the self-aligning bearing was changed into a tapered bearing and then repositioned,thus reducing the peak stress and the risk of shaft breakage when the input shaft was braked.Discussion on how to improve the dynamic balance of transmission gear shaft,reduce the vibration intensity and the damage risk of gearbox(and hoisting mechanism parts)was carried out.The above measures can not only meet the requirements of overclocking and efficient operation,but also ensure the intrinsic safety of the hoisting mechanism of gantry crane.The successful implementation of this proposal has certain guiding value for the maintenance and selection of reducer of hoisting mechanism of shipbuilding gantry crane.