护生实习期间心理和行为轨迹的变化研究

Study on the Changes in Nursing Students'Psychological and Behavioral Trajectories during Internship

目的调查护生在实习早、中、晚期心理和行为轨迹的变化情况,为优化实习带教策略、制订实习带教计划提供参考。方法采用心理韧性量表、简易应对方式问卷、一般自我效能量表和马氏工作倦怠量表,分别在护生实习初期、中期和实习结束时对其进行问卷调查。结果实习初期、中期和实习结束时,护生的心理韧性总分均在60~69分之间,处于一般水平。实习期间护生主要采取积极应对的方式,但随着实习时间的推移,采取消极应对方式有所增加。护生实习早期的自我效能处于低水平,中期和晚期处于高水平,晚期的自我效能水平最高。整个实习期间,护生的工作倦怠处于中高水平,随着实习时间的推移,工作倦怠水平逐步升高。结论在今后的研究中应该关注这些变化,并且找到相应的干预措施,帮助护生改善临床实习期间出现的消极心理和行为状态。

Objective To investigate the changes in nursing students'psychological and behavioral trajectories during their early,middle,and late stages of internship to provide reference for optimizing internship teaching strategies and formulating internship teaching plans.Methods Questionnaire surveys were conducted on nursing students at the beginning,middle,and end of their internship with the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,Simple Coping Style Questionnaire,General Self Efficacy Scale,and Mahalanobis Job Burnout Scale.Results At the beginning,middle,and end of the internship,nursing students'total score of psychological resilience was between 60-69 score,at an average level.During the internship,nursing students mainly adopted positive coping methods,but as the internship time passed,the adoption of negative coping methods increased.The self-efficacy of nursing students is at a low level in the early stage,at a high level in the middle and late stage,and at the highest level in the late stage.Throughout the internship,the level of job burnout among nursing students was at a medium to advanced level,and as the internship progressed,the level of job burnout gradually increased.Conclusion Attention should be paid to these changes and corresponding intervention measures should be found to help nursing students improve the negative psychological and behavioral states that occur during clinical internship in future research.