不同铁源对仔猪血液指标、血清生化和器官指数影响的研究

Study on The Effects of Different Iron Sources on Hematology,Serum Biochemistry and Organ Index in Piglets

试验旨在比较蔗糖亚铁与富马酸亚铁和甘氨酸铁对仔猪血液指标、血清生化和器官指数的影响,为蔗糖亚铁的应用提供理论依据。选择35日龄三元杂交断奶商品公猪32头,随机分为4个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复1头猪,单笼饲养,保证各处理间体重差异不显著(P>0.05)。处理1为对照组,铁源为一水硫酸亚铁,处理2、3、4的铁源分别为富马酸亚铁、甘氨酸铁、蔗糖亚铁。所有处理组铁的添加水平均为100 mg/kg(以铁计)。饲养试验预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明:①与一水硫酸亚铁组相比,蔗糖亚铁组可显著提高仔猪的平均日增重和养分(干物质、有机物质和粗蛋白)表观消化率,显著降低料重比(P<0.05);②蔗糖亚铁组血清三酰甘油和尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05),甘氨酸铁组仔猪血清总蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05);③甘氨酸铁组和蔗糖亚铁组血清和空肠总谷胱甘肽和还原型谷胱甘肽含量显著提高(P<0.05),富马酸亚铁组空肠总谷胱甘肽、氧化型谷胱甘肽和还原型谷胱甘肽含量显著提高(P<0.05);④蔗糖亚铁组仔猪肾脏指数显著提高(P<0.05),甘氨酸铁组和蔗糖亚铁组仔猪的肺脏指数、脾脏指数和十二指肠指数显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,与一水硫酸亚铁相比,富马酸铁、甘氨酸铁、蔗糖亚铁均能不同程度改善仔猪生产性能、养分表观消化率、血液指标、血清代谢和器官指数;本研究条件下,不同铁源对仔猪血液指标、血清生化和器官指数影响的效果顺序为蔗糖亚铁>甘氨酸铁>富马酸亚铁>一水硫酸亚铁。

This experiment aimed to compare the effects of Fe-sucrose with Fe-fumarate and Fe-Gly on blood parameters,serum biochemistry and organ index in piglets,and the theoretical basis for the appli⁃cation of Fe-sucrose was also provided.In this experiment,32 healthy 35-day-old crossbred weaned male piglets were selected and randomly divided into 4 treatments each of which included 8 replicates of 1 pig.Pigs were reared in single cages to ensure that the difference in body weight between treat⁃ments was not significant(P>0.05).Treatment 1 was the control and the iron source was ferrous sulphate monohydrate,while the iron sources for treatments 2,3 and 4 were Fe-fumarate,Fe-Gly and Fe-sucrose,respectively.The level of iron was 100 mg/kg(as iron)for all treatments.Feed⁃ing trials were conducted for 7 d adaptation pe⁃riod and 42 d experiment period.The results showed that:①compared to ferrous sulphate monohydrate,Fe-sucrose significantly increased the average daily weight gain and apparent digestibility of nutrients(dry matter,organic matter and crude protein)in piglets,significantly reducing the feed-to-weight ratio(P<0.05).②Fe-sucrose significantly decreased serum triglyceride and urea nitrogen content(P<0.05),serum total protein content was significantly increased(P<0.05)in Fe-Gly group.③Fe-Gly and Fesucrose significantly increased total glutathione and reduced glutathione content in serum and jejunum(P<0.05),respectively.Fe-fumarate increased the content of total glutathione,oxidized glutathione and re⁃duced glutathione in jejunum(P<0.05),respectively.④Fe-sucrose significantly increased the spleen in⁃dex(P<0.05),whereas Fe-Gly and Fe-sucrose significantly increased the lung and duodenal index of pig⁃lets(P<0.05).In conclusion,compared with inorganic iron,organic iron improved growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients,blood parameters,serum biochemistry,and organ index in piglets to some extent.Under the conditions of this study,the order of effectiveness of different iron sources was:Fe-sucrose>Fe-Gly>Fe-fumarate>ferrous sulphate monohydrate.