不同类型微量元素原料及添加水平对5‰仔猪前期预混料存储品质的影响

The Effects of Different Types of Trace Element Raw Materials and Their Addition Levels on The Storage Quality of 5‰Premixed Feed for Early Stage of Piglets

研究旨在探讨不同类型微量元素原料及添加水平对5‰仔猪前期预混料存储品质的影响。试验共设5个组,1组为无机微量元素组,2组为微量元素包被组,3组为甘氨酸微量元素组(微量元素添加水平为1组的70%),4组及5组为复合氨基酸螯合微量元素组(微量元素添加水平分别为1组的70%与50%)。预混料在正常库房内存储90 d,在第1、21、42、63、90天测定并计算几种维生素及酶制剂活性的损失率。结果表明:在1~63 d,各组酵母木聚糖酶和β-葡聚糖酶活性均有不同程度的增加。90 d时,各组酵母木聚糖酶活性下降,其中5组损失率最高。与1、2、3组相比,4组与5组温淀粉酶活性及酸性蛋白酶活性损失率显著降低(P<0.05)。各组维生素损失率均随储存时间的延长而增加。90 d时,与其他组相比,4、5组维生素B2损耗率显著降低(P<0.05)。42 d时,5组维生素B6损失率极显著低于其他各组(P<0.01),整个试验过程中1组植酸酶活性和维生素E损失率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),5组植酸酶活性和维生素E损失率最低。综上所述,用有机微量元素替代无机微量元素对预混料中酶制剂及维生素影响更小,低浓度的有机微量元素更有利于预混料保存。

This study aims to explore the effects of different types of trace element raw materials and their addition levels on the storage quality of 5‰premixed feed for piglets.There are a total of 5 groups in the experiment,namely group 1:inorganic trace element group;groups 2:trace element coating group;groups 3:glycine trace element group(trace element addition level is 70%of unorganized);groups 4 and groups 5:complex amino acid chelated trace element group(trace element addition level is 70%and 50%of unorganized),with 3 replicates for each group.The premix is stored in a normal warehouse for 90 days,and the loss rates of several vitamins and enzyme activity are measured and calculated on the 1st,21st,42nd,63rd and 90th days.The results showed that from day 1 to 63,the activity of yeast xyla⁃nase andβ-glucanase has increased to varying degrees.At 90 days,the activity of yeast xylanase in each group began to decrease,with group 5 having the highest loss rate.Compared with groups 1,2,and 3,the loss rate of warm amylase activity and acidic protease activity in groups 4 and 5 were significantly re⁃duced(P<0.05).The loss rate of vitamins in different groups increases with the prolongation of storage time.At 90 days,compared with other groups,the loss rate of vitamin B2 in groups 4 and 5 were sig⁃nificantly reduced(P<0.05).At day 42,the loss rate of vitamin B6 in group 5 was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.01).Through⁃out the entire experiment,the phytase activity and vitamin E loss rate in group 1 were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05),with group 5 having the lowest phytase activity and vitamin E loss rate.In summary,replacing inorganic trace ele⁃ments with organic trace elements has less impact on enzyme preparations and vitamins in the premix,and low concentrations of organic trace elements are more conducive to the preservation of the premix.