非洲猪瘟的致病机制及疫苗研究进展

Progress in The Pathogenic Mechanism and Vaccine Research of African Swine Fever

非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染家猪和各种野猪(非洲野猪、欧洲野猪等)引起的一种急性、出血性、烈性传染病,被世界动物卫生组织(OIE)列为法定报告动物疫病,也是我国重点防范的一类动物疫病。目前ASF尚无安全有效的疫苗和敏感的药物,实施科学的养猪场生物安全体系建设能够有效助力该病的防控。文章综述了ASFV的病原学、入侵细胞机制、逃避天然免疫应答机制及疫苗研究进展,旨在为ASF的有效防控提供理论依据。

African swine fever(ASF)is a highly contagious disease caused by the African swine fever vi⁃rus(ASFV)that affects domestic pigs and various wild boars,such as African and European wild boars.It is classified as a reportable animal disease by the World Organization for Animal Health(OIE)and is a priority for disease prevention in China.Currently,there is no approved vaccine or treatment for ASF.However,establishing a scientific biosafety system in pig farms can significantly contribute to disease prevention and control.This article provides a comprehensive review of ASFV,covering its etiology,cell invasion mechanism,evasion of natural immune response,and progress in vaccine research.The aim is to offer a theoretical foundation for enhancing prevention and control strategies against ASF.