眶额叶皮质在语言神经认知处理中的机制探析

Goal-directed Communication,Decision-making and Adaptation:The Role of Orbitofrontal Cortex in Language and Speech Processing

神经语言学研究证实了外侧裂周边网络在人类语言和言语处理功能中的核心作用,而新近语言认知神经科学的证据表明,眶额叶皮质参与语言使用者从事的目标导向的语言交互任务,并开展基于多维度语言内容的决策,以指导语言使用者在变化的情境下开展适应行为。本综述基于国内外实证研究提出眶额叶皮质的语言神经处理机制。结果发现,眶额叶皮质及相关神经机制参与处理语言与言语中与社会交互、语用和情感相关的信息;连接眶额叶皮质的钩形束纤维投射参与完成语言感知和表达任务中的执行功能。因此,眶额叶皮质编码了语言的适应性功能,语言认知神经过程与其他高级认知神经过程相互作用,在不断变化的交流环境中实现个体语言的成功理解和表达。

Although the majority of studies in neurobiology of language demonstrates the central part of peri-Sylvian network is involved in language and speech function,this paper attempts to focus on the role of the orbitofrontal cortex(OFC)which is primarily involved in goal-directed adaptive behavior.There is increasing evidence that the OFC is involved in language and speech tasks.It demonstrates that not only the linguistic tasks that involve the processing of socially,pragmatically and emotionally relevant information engaging OFC and its neurobiological mechanisms,but also certain receptive and expressive language performances rely on certain neurophysiological properties of this region,which in many cases demand executive functions.The OFC plays a relevant role in the adaptive neurobiological function of language,and the neurobiological mechanisms complement and interplay with the language-unique processes to achieve successful comprehension and production in the changing communicative contexts.