自由式滑雪U型场地项目技术动作特征与运动成绩关系探究

Relationship Between Technical Movement Characteristics and Sports Performance of Freestyle Skiing Half-pipe

我国自由式滑雪U型场地项目自建队以来竞技水平和运动成绩不断上升,但学界对本项目的技术特征及训练启示研究相对滞后。该文立足索契、平昌和北京三届冬奥会视频资料以及国内外现有文献,采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、视频分析法等,深入分析本项目技术特征的基础上,探究自由式滑雪U型场地项目的技术特征与成绩之间的关系,为运动员训练提供参考和依据。研究认为:角速度、成功率和绝招使用次数对运动员成绩具有显著的正向影响关系,且经灰色关联分析可知,角速度指标对运动成绩影响最大。技巧类项目的“高、难、稳、新、美”在本项目中具有不同的特征。研究建议:(1)以旋转角速度带动技术动作难度增加;(2)以“稳定”要素助力竞技水平发挥;(3)以新意动作驱动技术动作编排质量提升。

Since the establishment of freestyle skiing half-pipe national team,the athletic level and performance in this event have been continuously improving.However,the research on the technical features and training insights of this event in academia relatively lags behind.This study analyzes the technical features of the event in depth based on video materials from the Sochi,PyeongChang,and Beijing Winter Olympics with such methods as literature review,expert interview and video analysis,exploring the relationship between technical features and performance to provide reference for athlete training.Study believes that angular velocity,success rate,and the number of use of the trick have significant positive influence on the athlete's performance.According to grey relational analysis,angular velocity has the greatest influence on sports performance.The skill-oriented projects have different characteristics in this project,including"high,difficult,stable,new,and beautiful".Suggestions for technical training:(1)increase the difficulty of technical movements through rotational speed;(2)utilize stability elements to enhance athletic performance;(3)improve the quality of technical movement choreography by incorporating innovative moves.