文化因素分析法在考古学文化融合研究中的运用——以郑州二里岗文化的构成和演变过程为例

The Application of Cultural Factor Analysis in the Study of Archaeological Culture Integration--Taking the Formation and Development Process of Erligang Culture in Zhengzhou as an Example

本文基于对考古学文化因素分析法学术史和方法论的梳理,阐述了其在探讨考古学文化构成及考古学文化融合、人群互动等方面的理论和实践基础。文章以郑州商城出土的陶器为例,将郑州二里岗文化的陶器分为8组,通过对各期典型遗迹单位的文化构成及折衷陶器的阶段性考察,可知二里岗文化的崛起建立在广泛吸收周邻文化因素的基础上,并逐渐形成自身的显著特征。在文化的交流、互鉴和融合的过程中,人群的身份和社会认同不断加强,早商时期“多元一体”的社会格局也得以深化。

Basedon the academic historyand methodology of archaeological cultural factor analysis,this articlediscusses the theoretical and practical basis inexploring the cultural components and the integrationof archaeological cultures and crowd interaction.Usingthe pottery excavated from Zhengzhou Shang City as anexample,the articledivides the potteryof the Erligangculture inZhengzhou intoeight groups.Throughthe stage-by-stage examination of the cultural composition of the typical relic units and the eclectic pottery of each period,it can be seen that the rise of the Erligang culture was based on the extensive absorption of neighbouring cultural factors and the gradual formation of its own distinctivefeatures.In the process of cultural interactions,mutual appreciation and fusion,the identity and social recognition of the population were continuously strengthened,and the social pattern of the Early Shang period,which was"pluralistic and integrated",was also deepened.