烤烟初烤阶段喷施不同物料比复合生物制剂对陕南烟叶品质的影响

Effects of spraying compound biological agents with different material ratios on the quality of tobacco leaves in southern Shaanxi during the initial baking stage of flue-cured tobacco

【目的】分析烤烟初烤过程中喷施复合生物制剂对陕南烟叶品质的影响,为复合生物制剂物料比的选择及烤后烟叶质量的调控提供参考。【方法】以陕西省商洛市主栽烤烟品种云烟99上部叶(B2F)为试验材料,设计5%物料比(T1)、4%物料比(T2)、3%物料比(T3)3种复合生物制剂(SXC-4)处理,在初烤阶段变黄期末期(42℃)进行喷施,测定烤后烟叶的化学成分和致香物质含量,并进行感官评价分析。【结果】与CK相比,T1处理下果胶和木质素的降解效果最好,分别降低了58.00%和5.90%;T2处理下游离氨基酸含量和致香物质含量的增加效果最好,分别增加了6.50%和51.80%;T3处理下还原性糖、总糖、莨菪亭、质体色素降解产物、苯丙氨酸类致香物质、Amadori化合物含量提升最高,分别为21.00%、17.00%、51.00%、54.80%、2.70%、11.20%,且感官质量得分最高,为60.95;且T3处理果胶和木质素分别降低43.49%、4.50%,游离氨基酸含量提高2.90%,处理效果与T1、T2处理相比较差。【结论】烤烟初烤阶段喷施复合生物制剂可改善烟叶化学成分的协调性、烟叶的香气质和香气量、提升透发性、降低杂气和刺激性、改善浓度和劲头,感官质量明显提升,其中喷施3%物料比的复合生物制剂可明显提升陕南烟叶品质。

【Objective】To analyze the effect of spraying compound biological agents on the quality of tobacco leaves in southern Shaanxi during the initial baking process of flue-cured tobacco,so as to provide a reference for the selection of the material ratio of compound biological agents and the regulation of the quality of tobacco leaves after curing.【Methods】The upper leaves(B2F)of Yunyan 99 was the main flue-cured tobacco cultivar in Shangluo City,Shaanxi Province,were used as the experimental materials,and three kinds of compound biological agents(SXC-4)were designed,including 5%material ratio(T1),4%material ratio(T2)and 3%material ratio(T3),and sprayed at the yellowing stage and final stage(42°C)at the initial baking stage,and the chemical composition and aromatic substance content of the flue-cured tobacco leaves were determined,and the sensory evaluation and analysis were carried out.【Results】Compared with CK,the degradation effect of pectin and lignin was the best under T1 treatment,which decreased by 58.00%and 5.90%,respectively;the content of free amino acids and aromatic substances in the downstream of T2 treatment had the best effect,increasing by 6.50%and 51.80%,respectively;under T3 treatment,the contents of reducing sugar,total sugar,chrysatropic acid,degradation products of plastid pigments,phenylalanine aromatic substances and Amadori compounds content increased the most,which were 21.00%,17.00%,51.00%,54.80%,2.70%and 11.20%,respectively,and the score of sensory quality was the highest,was 60.95;pectin and lignin of T3 treatment decreased by 43.49%and 4.50%,respectively,and the content of free amino acids increased by 2.90%,the treatment effect was worse than T1 and T2 treatments.【Conclusion】The spraying of compound biological agents in the initial baking stage of flue-cured tobacco can improve the coordination of chemical components,the aroma quality and quantity of tobacco leaves,improve the transmission,reduce miscellaneous qi and thrill,improve the concentration and strength,and significantly improve the sensory quality,among which the spraying of compound biological agents with 3%material ratio can significantly improve the quality of tobacco leaves in southern Shaanxi.