抑制剂HS-1在铜硫分离中的作用机理研究

Study on the Action Mechanism of Inhibitor HS-1 in the Separation of Copper and Sulfur

铜硫浮选分离过程中加入大量的石灰抑制黄铁矿会有诸多弊端,如矿浆发黏、管道结垢、发生“跑槽”、降低金银回收率等,因此开发新型抑制剂实现低碱度条件下的铜硫分离具有重大意义。HS-1是一种用于硫化矿浮选的选择性抑制剂,为研究HS-1在铜硫分离中的作用机理,以黄铜矿和黄铁矿纯矿物为研究对象,进行了纯矿物浮选、人工混合矿浮选、接触角测量、吸附量测试和红外光谱分析(FTIR)等工作。浮选试验结果表明,在矿浆pH=7、丁铵黑药用量9 mg/L、2#油用量20 g/t的条件下,当HS-1用量为150 mg/L时可使黄铁矿回收率降低至20%以下,而黄铜矿回收率保持在85%以上;接触角测量和吸附量测试表明,HS-1作用可以大幅度减少丁铵黑药在黄铁矿表面的吸附量,并使黄铁矿表面亲水,从而降低黄铁矿的可浮性;红外光谱分析表明,HS-1可以选择性地与黄铁矿作用,减弱黄铁矿表面因丁铵黑药作用而产生的特征峰,同时生成新的吸收峰,阻碍丁铵黑药在黄铁矿表面的吸附。因此,HS-1可以选择性抑制黄铁矿,实现低碱条件下的铜硫分离。

In the process of copper-sulfur flotation separation,adding a large amount of lime to inhibit pyrite will have many disadvantages,such as slurry viscosity,pipeline fouling,occurrence of running trough and reducing gold and silver recovery.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop new inhibitors to achieve copper-sulfur separation under low alkalinity conditions.HS-1 is a selective inhibitor for sulfide ore flotation.In order to study the mechanism of HS-1 in copper-sulfur separation,pure mineral flotation,artificial mixed mineral flotation,contact angle measurement,adsorption capacity test and infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)were carried out on chalcopyrite and pyrite pure minerals.The flotation test results show that under the conditions of pulp pH=7,ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate dosage of 9 mg/L and 2#oil dosage of 20 g/t,when the dosage of HS-1 is 150 mg/L,the recovery rate of pyrite can be reduced to less than 20%,while the recovery rate of chalcopyrite can be maintained above 85%.Contact angle measurement and adsorption capacity test show that HS-1 can greatly reduce the adsorption capacity of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate on the surface of pyrite,and make the surface of pyrite hydrophilic,thus reducing the floatability of pyrite.Infrared spectroscopy analysis shows that HS-1 can selectively interact with pyrite,weaken the characteristic peaks generated by the action of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate on the surface of pyrite,and generate new absorption peaks,which hinders the adsorption of ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate on the surface of pyrite.Therefore,HS-1 can selectively inhibit pyrite and achieve copper-sulfur separation under low alkali conditions.