基于比例谐振自抗扰控制的电机谐波抑制与噪声优化

Harmonic suppression and noise optimization of electric machines based on proportional resonance self-immunity control

针对驱动电机逆变器非线性、反电动势波形非正弦等因素所引入的大量低频谐波,提出了一种比例谐振自抗扰控制策略,该方法可以更为全面地抑制电流谐波,同时引入谐振调节可以对特定频率谐波进行更好地抑制。首先,建立了电机系统数学模型,基于麦克斯韦张量法,推导了电磁力的解析式,分析得出5、7次谐波会对电机的转矩脉动与电磁噪声性能产生恶化;其次,建立了Simulink&Jmag多物理场协同仿真模型,对谐波抑制前后的转矩脉动与电磁噪声进行仿真分析,验证了理论解析的正确性。最后,搭建实验平台对施加策略前后采集的电流与电磁噪声结果进行分析。结果表明,所构建的控制策略对低频主要阶次的谐波成分有较好的抑制效果,优化了电机的低频噪声特性。

A proportional resonance self-immunity control strategy is proposed to solve the problem of a large number of low-frequency harmonics caused by the nonlinearity of the drive motor inverter and the non-sinusoidal waveform of the back electromotive force.This strategy can suppress the current harmonics more comprehensively,while the introduction of resonance control can provide better suppression of specific frequency harmonics.A mathematical model of the motor system is established.Based on the Maxwell tensor method,the analytical equation of the electromagnetic force is deduced.It is analyzed that the 5th and 7th harmonics will deteriorate the performance of the motor in terms of torque pulsation and electromagnetic noise.A multi-physical field co-simulation model using Simulink and Jmag is established.Simulation analysis is conducted to validate the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of harmonic suppression in reducing torque pulsation and electromagnetic noise.An experimental platform is set up to analyze the current and electromagnetic noise results before and after applying the strategy.The results indicate that the control strategy constructed has a better suppression effect on the harmonic components of the main order of low frequency,and optimizes the low frequency noise characteristics of the motor.