水稻花粉管生长及其对非生物逆境胁迫的响应机理研究进展

Research Progress of Pollen Tube Growth in Pistil of Rice and Its Response to Abiotic stress

水稻是我国乃至全世界最为重要的粮食作物之一。全球气候变暖背景下,高温、干旱、低温寡照等极端天气频繁发生,水稻产量品质形成受到不同程度的影响,严重威胁我国的粮食安全。花粉管在雌蕊组织中的生长是水稻生殖生长最为关键的过程,高温等非生物逆境胁迫可严重干扰花粉管生长的信号传递和能量代谢,进而导致水稻受孕失败。因此,研究高温等逆境胁迫影响水稻花粉管生长及其调控机制具有重要意义。本文综述了水稻花粉管生长的基本过程,包括信号传递以及能量代谢,同时阐述了高温、干旱、低温寡照、重金属等逆境影响花粉管生长致使小穗败育的作用机制及其栽培调控技术,为减缓高温等逆境胁迫干扰水稻花粉管生长,提高水稻授粉受孕能力的栽培技术提供理论参考,并对今后的研究方向进行展望。

Rice,a vital food crop in China and globally,is susceptible to abiotic stresses such as extreme high temperatures,drought,cold,and low light which can impair rice production and threaten worldwide food security,including in China.The growth of pollen tubes in the pistil is crucial for successful fertilization,however abiotic stress can disrupt signaling transport and energy metabolism in the pistils,leading to spikelet sterility.Therefore,it is essential to investigate the impact of abiotic stress on pollen tube growth in pistils and to understand the underlying regulatory mechanisms.This review focuses on the process of pollen tube growth in pistils,encompassing signal transduction,and energy metabolism.Furthermore,it explores the effects of abiotic stress on pollen tube growth in pistils and describes strategies to mitigate stress-induced inhibition of pollen tube growth.This research provides a theoretical foundation for developing cultivation techniques aimed at enhancing spikelet fertility in rice under abiotic stress.Finally,the paper outlines future research directions for studying pollen tube growth in rice pistils under abiotic stress.