从技术应用到自动行政:政府治理的技术想象及其脉络

From Technology Application to Automated Administration:Technological Imagination of Government Governance and Its Veins

建立高度理性化的政府行政体系是现代国家的普遍追求。随着互联网、大数据和智能算法等现代信息技术的发展,数字平台驱动的自动行政成为政府治理变革的趋势。文章以数字平台为何能驱动政府自动行政这一问题为主线,梳理了从技术应用到自动行政的相关文献,从而为充分理解并发挥数字平台在政府治理转型中的作用提供参考。文章按照时间和理论的脉络,将已有研究梳理为三条主线:技术赋能与政府治理转型、数字平台的应用领域及其效果和数字平台应用与政府自动行政,系统梳理了数字平台进入政府治理的背景、过程和原因,比较和分析了数字平台驱动政府自动行政的四种形态,分别是作为辅助决策工具、作为中央集中控制、作为政社互动平台和作为回应复杂问题的数字平台。未来,针对数字平台驱动政府自动行政议题,需要进一步深入拓展研究空间,包括:数字平台的技术属性如何与政府组织的科层属性互动衔接机制;数字平台在政府常规问题中的自动行政内容和过程;数字平台驱动政府自动行政的内在逻辑。

The establishment of a highly rationalized government administration system is a common pursuit of modern countries.With the development of modern information technologies such as the internet,big data,and intelligent algorithms,automated administration driven by digital platforms has become a trend in government governance reform.This article focuses on the question of why digital platforms can drive automated government administration,reviewing relevant literature from the application of technology to automated administration,thereby providing a reference for understanding and giving full play to the role of digital platforms in government governance transformation.The article organizes existing research into three main lines according to the timelines and development of theories:technology empowerment and government governance transformation,the application fields of digital platforms and their effects,and the relationship between the application of digital platforms and government automated administration.It systematically outlines the background,process,and reasons for the integration of dig⁃ital platforms into government governance,comparing and analyzing four forms of automated administration driven by digital platforms:as decision⁃making support tools,as centralized control mechanisms,as platforms for government⁃society interac⁃tion,and as digital platforms that respond to complex issues.Based on existing academic reflections,the following research are⁃as are suggested for further research on the topic of digital platforms⁃driven automated government administration:how the tech⁃nological attributes of digital platforms interact with the hierarchical attributes of government;the content and process of auto⁃mated administration on digital platforms regarding regular governmental issues;and the internal logic of how digital platforms drive government automated administration.