宁夏玉米耐盐碱种质研究现状及展望

Current Research Situation and Future Prospects of Salt-Resistant Corn Germplasm in Ningxia

玉米是宁夏种植面积最大、产量最高的粮食和饲料作物。盐碱胁迫是影响玉米高产稳产的重要因素,进行玉米耐盐碱分子生物学机制、新种质创制及育种研究,对保障宁夏玉米可持续生产具有重要意义。通过探讨玉米耐盐碱抗逆遗传位点、基因资源及其调控机制,总结玉米基因组测序、分子生物技术育种及大数据分析技术,以推动玉米耐盐碱抗逆遗传基础解析、遗传改良及耐盐碱玉米种质资源挖掘,并分析讨论当前玉米耐盐碱育种面临的问题和挑战,提出玉米耐盐碱种质创制和育种的策略。

Corn is the grain and feed crop with the largest planting area and the highest yield in Ningxia.Saline-alkali stress is an important factor affecting the high and stable yield of maize.Research on the molecular biological mechanism of saline-alkali tolerance,new germplasm creation and breeding is of great significance to ensure the sustainable production of maize in Ningxia.The genetic sites,gene resources and regulatory mechanisms of maize saline-alkali and stress resistance are discussed,maize genome sequencing,molecular biotechnology breeding and big data analysis techniques are summarized,to promote the genetic basis analysis of maize saline-alkali and stress resistance,genetic improvement and germplasm resource mining of salt-resistant maize.The current problems and challenges faced by maize saline-alkali resistance breeding are discussed.The strategies of saline-tolerant germplasm creation and breeding of maize are put forward.