影响城市郊区乡村空间格局的政策演进历程与导向

Evolution and Direction of Policies Affecting the Spatial Pattern of Rural Areas in Urban Suburbs

城市郊区乡村空间格局的发展演变,主要受城镇扩张的外部干预和乡村自身发展的内生驱动共同作用。政策演进对城镇空间向外扩张、乡村内生动力变化具有关键性影响,进而改变城市郊区乡村空间格局。文章从内、外两个角度,梳理我国改革开放以来影响城市郊区乡村空间格局的政策演进历程,并提出支持其格局优化的政策导向。分析表明,相关政策通过影响城镇扩张改变城市郊区乡村空间格局的过程,经历了“启动扩张–推进扩张–控制扩张”三个阶段;通过影响内生动力改变城市郊区乡村空间格局的政策,主要包括技术扶持、财税优惠、空间供给、土地流转等,并从探索期、发展期走向成熟期。未来,促进城乡融合的政策与制度设计将对城市郊区乡村空间格局优化起到关键作用。

The development and evolution of suburban rural spatial pattern is mainly influenced by the external intervention of urban expansion and the endogenous drive of rural development.Policy evolution has a key impact on urban spatial expansion and rural endogenous dynamic change,thus changing the suburban and rural spatial pattern.From the internal and external perspectives,this paper combs the evolvement process of policy influencing rural spatial pattern in suburbs since the reform and opening up,and puts forward the policy guidance of supporting its optimization.The analysis shows that the process of related policies changing the rural spatial pattern of suburban areas through influencing urban expansion has experienced three stages:"starting expansion,promoting expansion and controlling expansion".The policies that change the spatial pattern of suburban and rural areas by influencing endogenous dynamics mainly include technical support,fiscal and tax incentives,space supply,land transfer,and move from the exploration period and the development period to the maturity period.In the future,the policy and system design to promote urban-rural integration will play a key role in the optimization of rural spatial pattern in the suburbs.