乡村旅游产业集群治理模式及演化研究——以浙江省长兴县水口乡为例

Study on Governance Model and Evolution of Rural Tourism Industry Clusters:A Case Study of Shuikou in Zhejiang Province

浙江省在建设共同富裕示范区的过程中,将乡村旅游产业集群建设作为增强旅游发展活力、提升农村收入的重要策略。文章以浙江长兴县水口乡的旅游产业集群为案例,深入探讨了产业集群治理模式的演进路径及其治理机制。研究发现,乡村旅游产业集群的治理模式经历了从自组织型到政府主导型,最终发展为多元协作型的转变。在这一演进过程中,集群治理机制主要包括协商机制、激励机制、约束机制和决策协调机制四种类型。在自组织型模式阶段,由行业协会负责决策和协调工作,这一阶段的治理机制尚未成熟,缺乏有效的约束和激励机制;随着治理模式向政府主导型转变,政府成为决策的主导者,行业协会则提供协助。在这一阶段,政府推动了协商机制、约束机制和决策协调机制的变革,但激励机制的发展仍显不足。进入多元协作治理模式阶段,不仅引入了激励机制,还对协商机制、约束机制和决策协调机制进行了全面的完善和优化。研究结果强调了在不同发展阶段灵活调整治理策略的重要性,以确保治理机制与集群发展需求相匹配,从而促进产业集群的持续健康发展。

In the process of building a demonstration area of common prosperity,Zhejiang Province regards the construction of rural tourism industry clusters as an important strategy to enhance the vitality of tourism development and increase rural income.Taking Shuikou in Zhejiang Province as an example,this paper discusses the evolution path and governance mechanism of industrial cluster governance model.It is found that the governance model of rural tourism industry clusters has undergone changes from self-organizing to government-oriented,and finally developed into multiple collaborative.In this evolution process,cluster governance mechanism mainly includes four types:negotiation,incentive,constraint and decision coordination.In the self-organizing stage,the industry association is responsible for decision-making and coordination,and the governance mechanism is not mature and lacks effective restraint and incentive mechanism.With the transition to government-led governance stage,the government becomes the dominant player in decision-making,and industry associations provide assistance.At this stage,the government promotes the reform of consultation mechanism,constraint mechanism and decision-making coordination mechanism,but the development of incentive mechanism is still insufficient.In the multiple cooperative governance stage,not only the incentive mechanism is introduced,but also the negotiation,constraint and decision coordination mechanisms are improved and optimized.The findings highlight the importance of flexibly adjusting governance strategies at different stages of development to ensure that governance mechanisms match the needs of cluster development,thereby promoting the sustainable and healthy development of industrial clusters.