薄壁复合材料耐压筒在水下潜器中的应用研究

Research on Application of Thin-walled Composite Pressure Cylinder in Underwater Vehicle

围绕国家海洋战略规划,为解决水下无人潜航器对轻量化、高强度、高稳定性耐压结构关键部件的迫切需求,本文通过对碳纤维复合材料进行优化选材,研制不同长度的薄壁复合材料满足深海耐压需求。采用ANSYS建立有限元模型,对薄壁耐压筒进行结构设计及强度、稳定性计算。并通过深海压力模拟测试装置对1000 mm和500 mm耐压筒开展静水压力试验,验证其结构稳定性。有限元分析表明,各向应力均有1.6倍以上安全系数可满足强度要求;在补强后1000 mm和500 mm复合材料耐压筒在外压作用下屈曲系数分别为1.95和2.0,大于1.8要求值,可满足刚度使用需求。随后在深海压力模拟测试装置对耐压筒进行2 MPa外压测试下,1000 mm和500 mm耐压筒均具有耐压生存能力。本文研制的不同长度的薄壁复合材料满足技术要求,为无人潜水器重要组成部件提供了一种有效的解决方案。

Around the national Marine strategic planning,in order to solve the urgent needs of the key components of the lightweight,high-strength,high-stability high-pressure structure of the underwater unmanned aerial vehicle.In this paper,thin wall composites of different lengths are developed by optimizing the selection of carbon fiber composites.The finite element model is established by ANSYS,the structure design and strength and stability calculation of the thin-wall pressure cylinder are made.The hydrostatic pressure test of 1000 mm and 500 mm pressure cylinder was carried out by the deep-sea pressure simulation test device to complete the experimental verification.The finite element analysis shows that the safety factor of each stress is more than 1.6 times to meet the strength requirements.After reinforcement,the buckling coefficients of the 1000 mm and 500 mm composite pressure cylinder under external pressure are 1.95 and 2.0.Respectively,greater than the required value of 1.8,which can meet the rigidity requirements.Then,the pressure cylinder is tested by the deep-sea pressure simulation test device for 2 MPa external pressure.In the pressure environment,both 1000 mm and 500 mm pressure cylinders have pressure survivability.Thus,the thin-wall composites of different lengths developed in this paper meet the technical requirements,providing an effective solution for the heavy components of unmanned submersible.