有色金属硫化矿浮选配位化学

Flotation Coordination Chemistry of Nonferrous Metal Sulfide Ores

药剂与矿物的作用机理是浮选理论研究的核心问题,浮选配位化学理论突破传统自由金属离子范式,提出金属离子表面限域及限域一级近似模型,建立了包含矿物晶体结构的浮选药剂作用理论。对于含d轨道的过渡金属硫化矿物,如黄铜矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿、毒砂、镍黄铁矿等,浮选药剂与矿物表面作用主要取决于d轨道在配位场中的结构和d电子排布,其中反馈π键决定了浮选药剂与含d轨道矿物共价性的强度。对于不含d轨道的矿物,如方铅矿、辉锑矿等,浮选药剂与矿物的作用主要是电价配位作用,金属离子的极化率和电子云扩展效应显著增强了药剂与矿物的共价作用。

The interaction mechanism between reagents and minerals is the core issue of flotation theory research.The flotation coordination chemistry theory breaks through the traditional paradigm of free metal ions and proposes the surface confinement of metal ions and a first-order approximation model of confinement,creating a new flotation theory including the crystal structure of minerals.For the transition metal sulfide minerals containing d orbital,such as chalcopyrite,sphalerite,pyrite,arsenopyrite and pentlandite,the interaction between flotation reagents and mineral surface mainly depends on the structure of d orbital in the coordination field and the arrangement of d electrons,in which theπbackbonding determines the strength of covalency between flotation reagents and minerals containing d orbital.For the minerals without d orbital,such as galena and stibnite,the interaction between flotation reagents and minerals is mainly electrovalent coordination,and the polarizability and nephelauxetic effect of metal ions significantly enhance the covalence interaction between reagents and minerals.