浮重联合选矿工艺回收内蒙某锡矿泥中锡的研究

Study on Recovery of Tin from Tin Slime in Inner Mongolia by Combined Process of Flotation and Gravity Concentration

内蒙某微细粒锡矿泥是重选尾矿,其中-0.005mm粒级含量高达38.89%,属于高泥锡物料。对该物料进行了“脱泥—浮选—重选”联合选锡试验,考察了脱泥量、调整剂、抑制剂、活化剂和捕收剂等对锡矿泥浮选指标的影响,并对浮锡精矿进行了重选提质试验研究。结果表明,矿泥含量对浮锡精矿品位和回收率均能产生较大影响,浮选前进行脱泥对于提高浮锡精矿品位和回收率十分有利,浮锡物料中矿泥含量宜控制在22.30%内。水玻璃、六偏磷酸钠、羧甲基纤维素等抑制剂也会对锡石产生抑制作用,浮锡时不宜加入;碳酸钠具有分散矿泥、沉淀水中Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)等有害离子的作用,浮锡碳酸钠适宜用量为300g/t;Cu^(2+)和Pb^(2+)等离子具有活化微细粒锡石,提高锡回收率的效果,浮锡硝酸铅的适宜用量为300g/t;新型高效羟肟酸类捕收剂YM203对微细粒锡石具有良好捕收能力,同等药剂用量下其效果优于水杨羟肟酸、苯甲羟肟酸和C_(5-9)烷基羟肟酸。采用脱泥—浮选工艺流程,在给矿Sn品位0.75%的情况下,获得了浮锡精矿Sn品位6.67%、回收率79.77%的技术指标;基于“锡精矿品位越高、价值越大”的计价原则和浮锡精矿性质特点,浮锡精矿通过摇床精选提质获得了Sn品位31.54%的锡精矿和4.82%的锡次精矿,较提质前锡粗精矿产品价值提升了16532.47元/t,经济效益显著。

The fine-grained tin slime in Inner Mongolia is gravity tailings,in which the content of-0.005 mm fraction is as high as 38.89%,which belongs to high-slime tin material.The desliming-flotation-gravity separation combined tin beneficiation test was carried out on the material,and the effects of desliming yield,regulator,depressant,activator and collector on the flotation indexes of tin slime were investigated,and the gravity separation test was carried out to improve the quality of the flotation tin concentrate.The results show that the slime content has a great influence on the grade and recovery of the concentrate,and desliming before flotation is very beneficial to improve the grade and recovery of the concentrate,and the slime content in the concentrate should be controlled within 22.30%.Water glass,sodium hexametaphosphate,carboxymethyl cellulose and other depressants can also inhibit cassiterite,so they should not be added in tin flotation.Sodium carbonate can disperse slime and precipitate harmful ions such as Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)in water,and the suitable dosage of sodium carbonate for tin flotation is 300 g/t,Cu^(2+)and Pb^(2+)can activate the fine cassiterite and improve the recovery of tin.The suitable dosage of lead nitrate is 300 g/t,YM203,a new type of highly efficient hydroximic acid collector,has good collecting ability for fine cassiterite,and its effect is better than that of salicylic hydroximic acid,benzyl hydroximine acid and C_(5-9) alkyl hydroximine acid at the same dosage.By using desliming-flotation process,a tin concentrate with Sn grade of 6.67%and recovery of 79.77%was obtained at the feed Sn grade of 0.75%.Based on the pricing principle of the higher the grade of tin concentrate,the greater the value and the characteristics of flotation tin concentrate,a concentrate with 31.54%Sn and a sub-concentrate with 4.82%Sn were obtained by shaker cleaning,the value of which increased by 16532.47 Yuan/t compared with that before upgrading,and had significant economic benefits.