胃肠道微生物在去势抵抗性前列腺癌发生发展中的作用

The role of gastrointestinal microbiota in the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer

前列腺癌发展为去势抵抗性前列腺癌后尚缺乏长期有效的治疗手段,随着对人体胃肠道微生物的深入研究,结果显示包括去势抵抗性前列腺癌在内的各类肿瘤的发生发展均与肠道菌群的特征性变化相关,并且肠道菌群可通过多条途径影响肿瘤的进展。患者胃肠道菌群可通过促进雄激素前体转化为有活性的雄激素;参与调节胸腺功能进而改变机体免疫活性;为肿瘤生长代谢提供谷氨酸和磷脂酰胆碱等原料;引起消化道局部甚至全身炎症反应,进而导致前列腺癌的发生发展和去势抵抗性的形成。本文从以上4个方面的分子机制对肠道菌群与去势抵抗性前列腺癌发生发展间的关系进行综述。

There is no effective treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer that developed from primary prostate cancer.With the deepening research of human gastrointestinal microbiota,it indicated that all kinds of tumors including castration-resistant prostate cancer might be associated with the characteristic changes of gastrointestinal flora,and it might affect the progress of the tumor through multiple ways.The gastrointestinal microbiota of patients could promote the conversion of androgen precursors to active androgens;could participate in the regulation of thymus function and change the immune activity of the body;could provide raw materials such as glutamate and phosphatidylcholine for tumor growth and metabolism.It may also cause local or systemic inflammation in the digestive tract,and then may lead to the occurrence and development of prostate cancer and the formation of castration resistance.This article reviewed the relationship between gut microbiota and the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer from several molecular mechanisms,in order to provide clues for further research in the future.