抑郁症患者肠道菌群物种结构差异的临床对照研究

A controlled clinical study of the structural differences of intestinal microbiota species in patients with depression

目的探讨抑郁症患者与健康对照者之间肠道菌群的差异性,为抑郁诊断及治疗提供参考。方法选取2020年11月—2022年11月于株洲市三医院精神科就诊的53例抑郁症患者为抑郁症组,同期于株洲市公开招募55名性别、年龄与抑郁症组患者匹配的健康志愿者为健康对照组。收集受试者的一般资料,采集受试者新鲜粪便,采用16S rDNA宏基因测序定性、定量分析肠道菌群多样性、丰度、结构等差异以及与临床症状的相关性。结果共收集到27237978个16S rDNA。两组受试者肠道菌群的整体丰度α多样性比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。物种及结构方面,两组受试者的四种距离(Jaccard距离、Bray-Curtis距离、非加权UniFrac距离、加权UniFrac距离)β多样性比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相较于健康对照组,抑郁症组拟杆菌门占比高(12.4%比44.1%),厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门(F/B)值低(6.35比1.04)。线性判别分析效应量(LEfSe)分析显示,两组受试者肠道菌群多达30个物种差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,LDA值>2)。结论抑郁症患者与健康对照者之间肠道菌群具有差异性,而具有差异性的肠道菌群物种可能是潜在客观标志物及干预靶标。

Objective To explore the differences in intestinal microbiota species between patients with depression and healthy controls,providing reference for the diagnosis and treatment of depression.Methods A total of 53 patients with depression who visited the psychiatric department of Zhuzhou Third Hospital from November 2020 to November 2022 were selected as the depression group.At the same time,55 healthy volunteers matched in gender and age were publicly recruited as the health control group in Zhuzhou City.General data were collected.The fresh feces from subjects were collected.16S rDNA metagene sequencing was applied to analyze the differences in intestinal microbiota diversity,abundance,structure and correlation with clinical symptoms.Results A total of 2723797816s rDNA were collected.Theαdiversity analysis of the overall abundance of intestinal microbiota showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).In terms of species and structure,theβdiversity analysis of four distances(Jaccard distance,Bray-Curtis distance,unweighted UniFrac distance,and weighted UniFrac distance)showed that the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Compared with the healthy control group,the proportion of Bacteroidetes in the depression group increased(12.4%vs.44.1%),and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes(F/B)decreased(6.35 vs.1.04).Linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEfSe)analysis showed that,as many as 30 species of gut microbiota were statistically different between the two groups(P<0.05,LDA>2).Conclusions There are differences in intestinal microbiota between patients with depression and healthy controls,and the different gut microbiota species may be used as potential objective markers and intervention targets.