公理化真理论的标准辨析

On Criteria for Axiomatic Theories of Truth

公理化真理论把“真”看作一个原始谓词,并用一组公理和规则来规定它。为了评价不同的公理化真理论,逻辑学家莱特格布提出了真理论的八个标准,得到许多哲学家的认同。通过详细分析这八个标准的解释和意义可以看到,这些标准既不是必然的,也无法同时被满足,存在着不足之处。依据公理化真理论的指导思想和紧缩真理论的承诺,可尝试从后承视角提出新的标准,即公理化真理论的形式真定理不应削弱哲学直观,且应充分证明哲学上合理的真原则。该新标准有着较好的简洁性与解释力,可以评价不同的公理化真理论,而且KF-CONS系统更符合该标准。

Axiomatic theories of truth regard truth as a primitive predicate,and govern truth by axioms and rules.In order to evaluate different axiomatic theories of truth,Leitgeb,the logician,proposes eight criteria of truth theories,which were recognized by many philosophers.By analyzing the interpretation and meaning of these eight criteria,we can see that these criteria are neither necessary nor can they be all satisfied,so there are some shortcomings.Inspired by the guiding ideology of axiomatic theories of truth and the commitment of deflationism,we propose the new criteria from the perspective of the consequence.That is,the derived truth theorems of axiomatic theories of truth should be sound philosophically,and should fully prove the philosophically reasonable truth principles.The new criteria have good explanatory power,and the KF-CONS system can better meet the criteria.