馆藏作品NFT化的版权法律问题研究

Research on Copyright Legal Issues in the NFT of Collection Works

馆藏作品NFT化具有文化保存、信息分享和创作激励等方面的重要意义。作品NFT是一种兼具权利管理信息和技术保护措施功能的作品数字版本所有权凭证。馆藏机构对自有版权作品、他人版权作品和公有领域作品铸造NFT的合法性基础及条件各不相同。馆藏作品NFT具有独立经济价值,其销售本身并不涉及版权许可。馆藏作品NFT与版权许可的衔接应主要采用个人使用模式和CC许可模式。侵害馆藏作品NFT权利和所映射作品版权的常见行为包括未经许可铸造馆藏作品NFT、NFT仿盘、假冒馆藏机构名义铸造NFT、盗窃馆藏作品NFT和购买者未经许可使用NFT所映射馆藏作品的版权等五类,需要馆藏机构、NFT交易平台、相关主管部门和法院各司其职地构建起完整合理的规制体系。

The NFT of collection works has important significance in cultural preservation,information sharing and creative stimulation.Works NFT is a kind of ownership certificate of digital version of works that combines the functions of rights management information and technical protection measures.The legal basis and conditions for collection institutions to create NFT for their own copyrighted works,others'copyrighted works and public domain works are different.Collection works NFT has independent economic value,and its sale does not involve a copyright license.The connection between NFT of collection works and copyright license should mainly adopt personal use model and CC license model.The common behaviors that infringe the NFT rights of the works in the collection and the copyright of the mapped works include five categories:mining the NFT of collection works without permission,imitating the NFT project of collection works,mining the NFT of the works in the name of the collection institution without permission,stealing the NFT of collection works,and using the copyright of collection works mapped in the NFT without permission.It is necessary for collection institutions,NFT trading platforms,relevant authorities and courts to construct a complete and reasonable regulatory system in their respective roles.