不同微生物菌剂对辣椒生长、品质及产量的影响

Effects of Different Microbial Agents on Growth,Quality and Yield of Pepper

为探究不同微生物菌剂对辣椒生长、品质及产量的影响,以辣椒品种“蒙科红10号”为试材,采用露地栽培模式,设置哈茨木霉菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、细黄链霉菌、欣地利高科复合菌4种微生物菌剂灌根处理,并以清水为空白对照(CK),测定辣椒的生理指标、品质指标和产量。结果表明:在促生方面,细黄链霉菌剂300倍液灌根处理的辣椒株高、株幅、茎粗均表现最好,分别为83.83、63.63、1.43 cm。在果实性状方面,细黄链霉菌剂300倍液灌根处理的辣椒果实纵径、果实横径、单株坐果数、果肉厚度、单果质量均表现最好,分别为15.27 cm、3.80 cm、47个、0.25 cm、22.47 g,其中除单株坐果数、果肉厚度与CK均无显著性差异外,其他指标均显著高于CK。在果实品质方面,细黄链霉菌剂300倍液灌根处理的辣椒维生素C含量、辣椒素含量、二氢辣椒素含量均显著高于其他处理及CK。在产量方面,细黄链霉菌剂300倍液灌根处理的辣椒667 m^(2)产量最高,为2487.58 kg,显著高于其他4个处理,且较CK增加9.34%;其次是哈茨木霉菌剂800倍液灌根处理,667 m^(2)产量为2364.52 kg,较CK增加3.93%。枯草芽孢杆菌剂600倍液灌根处理、欣地利高科复合菌剂500倍液灌根处理均表现较差。综上,不同微生物菌剂对辣椒生长、品质及产量的影响效果以细黄链霉菌剂为最佳,可以提高辣椒植株的株高、株幅、茎粗,果实的纵径、横径、单果质量,以及产量,建议在生产上推广应用。

In order to investigate the effects of different microbial agents on the growth,quality and yield of pepper,the pepper variety'Mengkehong No.10'was used as the test material and a field cultivation mode was adopted by setting up four microbial agents treatments of Trichoderma harzianum,Bacillus subtilis,Streptomyces microflavus and Xindili high-tech compound microbial agent for root irrigation and water as a blank control(CK)to determine the physiological indicators,quality indicators and yield of peppers.The results showed that in terms of promoting growth,the pepper plants treated with 300 times solution of Streptomyces microflavus agent showed the best performance in plant height,plant width and stem thickness,which were 83.83 cm,63.63 cm and 1.43 cm,respectively.In terms of fruit characteristics,the pepper fruit treated with 300 times solution of Streptomyces microflavus agent showed the best performance in fruit longitudinal diameter,fruit transverse diameter,number of fruits per plant,flesh thickness and single fruit weight,which were 15.27 cm,3.80 cm,47 fruits,0.25 cm,22.47 g,respectively.Except for the number of fruits per plant and flesh thickness,which were not significantly different from the control,all other indicators were significantly higher than those of CK.In terms of fruit quality,the contents of vitamin C,capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin of peppers treated with 300 times solution of Streptomyces microflavus agent were significantly higher than those of other treatments and CK.In terms of yield,the pepper treated with 300 times solution of Streptomyces microflavus agent for root irrigation treatment had the highest yield of 2487.58 kg per 667 m^(2) with an increase of 9.34% compared with CK,which was significantly higher than that of the other four treatments.The second treatment was 800 times solution of Trichoderma harzianum agent for root irrigation treatment,which was 2364.52 kg per 667 m^(2) with an increase of 3.93% compared with CK.The treatments of 600 times solution of Bacillus subtilis agent and 600 times solution of Xindili high-tech compound microbial agent for root irrigation showed poor performance.In summary,the effect of different microbial agents on the growth,quality and yield of pepper is the best achieved with the use of Streptomyces microflavus agent,which can improve the plant height,plant width and stem thickness of peppers,as well as the longitudinal and transverse diameters of the fruit,single fruit weight and yield.It is recommended to promote application in production.