某高校2018级新生入学体检结果分析

Analysis of the physical examination results of 2018 freshmen in a university in 2018

目的了解某高校2018级入学新生健康状况,为做好学生健康管理工作提供依据。方法对某高校2018级4432名新生实施体检,并对体检资料进行统计分析,重点对体检中发现的病种、患病率进行分析讨论。结果参检的4432名新生中,检出指标异常者979人,异常率为22.09%。男、女生低血压检出率分别为2.26%、14.35%;男、女生高血压检出率分别为6.94%、0.77%;男、女生肝损害检出率分别为3.85%、1.13%;男、女生心律失常检出率分别为0.75%、0.32%;男、女生气胸检出率分别为0.60%、0.00%;上述5项指标男生女生比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。男、女生脊椎侧凸检出率分别为0.23%、0.58%;男、女生四肢关节外伤检出率分别为0.68%、0.35%;男、女生先天性心脏病检出率分别为0.23%、0.19%;上述3项指标男生女生比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高校新生常见病检出率较高,其中男生高血压、肝损害、心律失常、气胸检出率高于女生,女生低血压检出率高于男生,不同性别脊椎侧凸、四肢关节外伤、先天性心脏病检出率相近,针对此现状,学校需要重点开展多种有针对性的健康宣教,并采取干预措施,提升大学生健康素养,改善其健康状况。

Objective To investigate the health status of 2018 freshmen in a university,in order to provide evidence-based health management for students.Methods Physical examination was performed on 4432 freshmen in a university in 2018,the physical examination data were statistically analyzed,and the prevalence of diseases found during the physical examination was analyzed and discussed.Results Among 4432 freshmen,979 were found to have abnormal indicators;the abnormality rate was 22.09%.The detection rates of hypotension in males and females were 2.26%and 14.35%,respectively.The detection rates of hypertension in males and females were 6.94%and 0.77%,respectively.The detection rates of liver damage in males and females were 3.85%and 1.13%respectively.The detection rates of arrhythmia in males and females were 0.75%and 0.32%,respectively.The detection rates of pneumothorax in males and females were 0.60%and 0.00%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the above five indicators between males and females(all P<0.05).The detection rates of scoliosis in males and females were 0.23%and 0.58%,respectively.The detection rates of trauma to limbs and joints in males and females were 0.68%and 0.35%,respectively.The detection rates of congenital heart disease in males and females were 0.23%and 0.19%,respectively.There was no significant difference in the above three indexes between males and females(P>0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of common diseases among freshmen in this university was high.Among the conditions,the detection rate of hypertension,liver damage,arrhythmia and pneumothorax in males was higher than that in females,and the detection rate of hypotension in females was higher than that in males.The detection rates of scoliosis,limb joint trauma and congenital heart disease were similar between the sexes.Therefore,it is recommended that the university focus on a variety of targeted health education and intervention measures to improve the health literacy and health status of college students.