公共数据开放何以提高企业发展质量——来自准自然实验的证据

How does Public Data Opening Promote High-Quality Development of Enterprise-Evidence from Quasi-natural Experiments

数字经济时代,公共数据开放已成为充分发挥数据要素作用,促进企业发展质量提升的重要手段。利用2010—2020年上市公司的微观数据,运用多期双重差分法系统考察了公共数据开放对企业发展质量的影响机制。实证结果表明,公共数据开放可以显著提升以全要素生产率为衡量指标的企业发展质量,并且经过一系列稳健性和内生性检验后,上述结果依然成立。进一步分析发现,公共数据开放通过企业资本配置效率和企业创新等机制,促进企业发展质量。异质性分析表明,公共数据开放对国有企业、二三产业企业、东部地区企业和高人力资本水平企业的影响更为显著。研究结果对于加快推进公共数据开放水平和提升数据开放质量,促进企业高质量发展具有重要的政策启示。

In the era of digital economy,public data opening is an important means to give full play to data elements and promote high-quality development of enterprises.Based on the micro-data of listed companies from 2010 to 2020,this paper taken the establishment of urban public data open platform as a quasi-natural experiment,and systematically investigates the impact of public data opening on the total factor productivity of enterprises by using the multi-period differential method.It is found that the public data opening can significantly improve the total factor productivity of enterprises,which remains robust after solving the endogeneity and other issues.Furthermore,the impact mechanism test shows that public data opening can promote total factor productivity through firm capital allocation efficiency and firm innovation.In addition,Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of public data opening is more significant for state-owned enterprises,enterprises in the secondary and tertiary industries,enterprises in the eastern region,and enterprises with high human capital levels.The research results have important policy implications for accelerating the level of public data opening,improving the quality of data opening,and promoting the high-quality development of enterprises.