加快建设农业强国背景下高标准农田建设质量的区域差异及分布动态演进

Regional Differences and Distribution Dynamic Evolution of High-standard Farmland Construction Development in the Context of Accelerating the Construction of Agricultural Powerhouse

高标准农田建设是“藏粮于地、藏粮于技”的重要举措,也是加快建设农业强国推进农业农村现代化的重要基础。构建高标准农田建设质量评价指标体系,利用2010—2021年30个省份面板数据,采用熵值法、Dagum基尼系数、Kernel密度估计及Markov链,识别2010—2021年我国高标准农田建设质量的区域差异及分布动态。结果表明:我国高标准农田建设质量均值从2010年的0.219上升到2021年的0.319,年均增长率达3.47%,呈逐年上升态势。四大地区高标准农田建设质量呈现东部>东北部>中部>西部的分异特征,并且东部和东北高标准农田建设质量高于全国均值。我国高标准农田建设质量总体基尼系数逐年下降,从2010年的0.129下降至2021年的0.114,降幅达11.43%,高标准农田建设质量的地区差异逐渐缩小。“区域间差异”是我国高标准农田建设质量差异的主要来源,其贡献率在69.00%~75.64%之间波动,平均贡献率达到71.78%。从分布动态来看,东部、中部地区高标准农田建设质量的绝对差异逐渐缩小,西部和东北地区高标准农田建设质量的绝对差异呈现扩大趋势,东部呈现多极分化,东北地区从两极分化转向相对均衡状态,中部和西部地区不存在极化现象。我国高标准农田建设质量等级状态较稳定,存在“俱乐部趋同”现象,并且建设质量受到空间效应影响。

The construction of high-standard farmland is an important measure for“sustainable farmland use and innovative application of agricultural technology to increase farmland productivity”,and it is also an essential cornerstone for accelerating the building of an agricultural powerhouse and advancing the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.We construct an evaluation index system for the construction quality of high-standard farmland,using panel data from 30 provinces from 2010 to 2021.The entropy method,Dagum Gini coefficient,Kernel density estimation,and Markov chain are employed to identify the regional differences and distribution dynamics of high-standard farmland construction quality in China from 2010 to 2021.The results show that the average value of high-standard farmland construction in China rises from 0.219 in 2010 to 0.319 in 2021,with an average annual growth rate of 3.47%,indicating a year-by-year upward trend.The construction quality of high-standard farmland in the four major regions exhibits the divergent characteristics of east>northeast>central>west,and the construction quality of high-standard farmland in the east and northeast is higher than the national average.The overall Gini coefficient of high-standard farmland construction quality in China has been decreasing year by year,dropping from 0.129 in 2010 to 0.114 in 2021,a decrease of 11.43%.The regional disparities in the quality of high-standard farmland construction have gradually narrowed.“Regional disparities”constitute the main source of differences in the quality of high-standard farmland construction,with their contribution rate fluctuating between 69.00%and 75.64%,and averaging a contribution rate of 71.78%.In terms of distribution dynamics,the absolute differences in the quality of high-standard farmland construction are gradually narrowing between the eastern and central regions.Conversely,the western and northeastern regions show an increasing trend in these differences.The eastern region demonstrates multi-level differentiation,while the northeastern region is transitioning from bi-level division to relative balance.The central and western regions don t exhibit polarization phenomena.The quality grade of high-standard farmland construction in China is relatively stable,exhibiting a phenomenon of“club convergence”,and the construction quality is influenced by spatial effects.