160 kV碳纳米管阴极分布式X射线管研制及应用探讨

Development and Application of a 160kV Distributed X-rayTube Based on Carbon Nanotube Cathodes

介绍具有多个焦点的160 kV碳纳米管阴极分布式X射线管的研制工作及无损检测初步应用。基于Opera-3D软件对线阵列布置多焦点的模拟仿真,设计了多阴极—阵列聚焦—阳极结构,研究了45个碳纳米管阴极阵列的恒流发射特性以及多焦点的各焦点尺寸一致性。该射线管阳极电压160 kV,阳极电流15 mA,可长时间连续稳定工作于2.4 kW大功率状态,45个碳纳米管阴极工作于恒流状态时,各阴极控制电压的差异可反映其一致性,测得标准差为5.2%,45个焦点的平均焦斑尺寸为1.09 mm×1.22 mm,与模拟计算结果相符,且标准差为0.02 mm×0.06 mm,具有较好的一致性。该分布式X射线管以多焦点可编程脉冲发射的方式工作,在较小焦点状态实现大功率运行,通过线对卡测试具备较高的分辨率,对小型发动机进行多个视角的静态层析快速成像测试,可获得相比传统单点DR检测更丰富的结构信息。

The development and preliminarily application of a 160kV distributed X-ray tube with multiple focal spots based on carbon nanotube cathodes in non-destructive testing are introduced.Based on the Opera-3D software,simulation and modeling are conducted to arrange multiple focal spots in a linear array.A structure comprising multiple cathodes,focusing structure array,and anode is designed.The constant current emission characteristics of 45 carbon nanotube cathode arrays and the size consistency of each focal points are studied.The anode voltage of the X-ray tube is 160 kV,and the anode current is 15 mA.It can work continuously and stably at a high-power state of 2.4 kW for a long time.When the 45 carbon nanotube cathodes are operating under a constant current state,the difference in control voltage of each cathode can reflect their consistency.The measured standard deviation is 5.2%,and the average focal spot size of the 45 focal spots is 1.09mm×1.22 mm,which is consistent with the simulation calculation results.The standard deviation is 0.02 mm×0.06 mm,indicating good consistency.This distributed X-ray tube operates in a manner of multi focus programmable pulse emission,achieving high-power operation in a smaller focus state.Through line to line card testing,it has high resolution and can perform static tomography rapid imaging tests from multiple perspectives on small engines,obtaining richer structural information compared to traditional single point DR detection.