葡萄叶片对空气中邻苯二甲酸酯的吸收累积特征

Characterization of the uptake and accumulation of phthalic acid esters in air by grape leaves

【目的】为探索葡萄叶片及其内部组成物质对空气中PAEs的吸收累积特征,阐明葡萄叶片从空气中吸收累积DBP、DEHP、DIBP的能力及规律。【方法】试验采用盆栽葡萄覆盖玻璃罩的方式,在玻璃罩内放置盛有DBP、DEHP、DIBP混合物的甲醇溶液培养皿,让PAEs自然挥发被植株吸收累积,研究叶片及其内部组成物质脂肪、糖、蛋白质对PAEs的吸收累积特征。【结果】3个品种葡萄叶片对DBP、DEHP和DIBP的累积量随着PAEs处理浓度的增高而增大,且不同污染水平各单体含量及总含量差异显著(P<0.05)。葡萄叶片对DEHP的累积量最高,在高污染处理中其累积量占比在92.90%~93.86%,其次为DBP和DIBP。叶片脂肪、糖、蛋白质中均检出DBP、DEHP和DIBP,各污染处理3种化合物的含量与空白差异显著(P<0.05),三者在脂肪中的累积量最多,最高可达87.06 mg/kg,在糖中最高仅为5.818 mg/kg,在蛋白质中最高仅为3.793 mg/kg。通过对葡萄叶片累积PAEs能力与组成物质的相关性进行分析,葡萄叶片PAEs累积量与脂肪中PAEs含量呈显著正相关相关,与糖和蛋白无显著相关性。【结论】葡萄叶片可从空气中吸收累积PAEs,其累积PAEs能力与脂肪密切相关。

【Objective】To investigate the absorption and accumulation properties of PAEs in air by grape leaves and their internal constituents,and to determine the capability and pattern of grape leaves to absorb and accumulate DBP,DEHP,and DIBP from the air.【Method】An experiment was conducted in which potted grapes were placed under a glass cover and a Petri dish containing a methanol solution containing a mixture of DBP,DEHP,and DIBP was placed inside the glass cover,allowing the PAEs to volatilize naturally and be absorbed and accumulated by the plants.This method was used to study the absorption and accumulation properties of the leaves and their internal constituents,such as fats,sugars,and proteins,on PAEs.【Result】The accumulation of DBP,DEHP,and DIBP in grape leaves of the three cultivars increased with increasing PAEs treatment concentrations,and the differences in the content of each component and the combined content of the three cultivars were notably different at different contamination levels(P<0.05).The highest accumulation was observed for DEHP in grape leaves,with accumulation percentages ranging from 92.90%to 93.86%in high comtamination treatments,followed by DBP and DIBP.DBP,DEHP,and DIBP were found in leaf lipids,sugars,and proteins.The content of the three compounds in each pollution treatment was significantly different from the control(P<0.05),with the highest concentration found in fats(up to 87.06 mg/kg).The highest values in sugars and proteins were 5.818 mg/kg and 3.793 mg/kg,respectively.When evaluating the correlation between the accumulation ability of grape leaves for PAEs and their constituents,a significant positive relationship was observed between the accumulation of PAEs in grape leaves and the content of PAEs in fat,while no notable correlation was found with sugar or protein.【Conclusion】Grape leaves can absorb and accumulate PAEs from the air,and this accumulation ability is strongly linked to their fat content.