花针期灌水量对花生光合特性和产量的影响

Effects of Irrigation Amount at Flowering-Pegging Stage on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Peanut

本试验以花育22(HY22)和花育25(HY25)为材料,在大田条件下采用覆膜滴灌栽培方式,于花生花针期设置0(CK)、150(W1)、300(W2)、450(W3)m^(3)/hm^(2)四个灌水量处理,研究不同灌水量对花生叶面积、叶绿素含量、光合特性和产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,随生育进程推进,不同灌水量处理两品种的叶面积指数(LAI)、叶绿素含量、叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)均呈先上升后下降趋势,W2处理整体均较高;胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)呈先下降后上升趋势,W2处理较低。各灌水处理下两花生品种产量均以W2最高,分别达到4952.00 kg/hm^(2)和5062.79 kg/hm^(2),分别较CK显著增产8.83%和10.67%。综上表明,灌水量300 m^(3)/hm^(2)可有效改善花生光合特性,提高光合效能,进而提高产量。

The experiment was conducted with two peanut varieties Huayu 22(HY22)and Huayu 25(HY25)as materials under field conditions.Four kinds of irrigation amount as 0(CK),150 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W1),300 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W2)and 450 m^(3)/hm^(2)(W3)were set for drip irrigation under film during peanut floweringpegging stage.The effects of different irrigation amount on peanut leaf area,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,yield and its components were studied.The results showed that as the growth period progressed,the leaf area index(LAI),chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr)and stomatal conductance(Gs)of the two varieties under different irrigation treatments showed the trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and those of the W2 treatment were generally higher.The intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci)showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,and that of W2 treatment was relatively lower.The yield of the two peanut varieties under different irrigation treatments were the highest under W2 treatment,reaching 4952.00 kg/hm^(2) and 5062.79 kg/hm^(2),respectively,which significantly increased by 8.83% and 10.67% compared to CK,respectively.In brief,300 m^(3)/hm^(2) of irrigation amount could significantly improve the photosynthetic characteristics and photosynthetic efficiency,thereby increasing peanut yield.