装配式建筑施工场地预制构件堆场布置优化

Optimization of Prefabricated Component Site Layout for Prefabricated Building Construction

为应对装配式建筑施工场地预制构件供应与堆放缺乏统筹规划的问题,本研究深入分析预制构件吊装过程中塔吊升降、变幅与回转的协调运动规律,提出了一种逆向寻优方法,能够快速寻找任意预制构件的最佳堆场位置。在此基础上,提出了一种分散式、多堆场布置策略,通过增加堆场数量来减少塔吊回转角度,并采用逆向寻优方法进行快速求解,用于得到满足吊装效率最大化的堆场布置方案。模拟算例和工程实例表明,逆向寻优方法能够显著提高求解效率,采用分散式、多堆场布置策略,标准层预制构件总吊装时间较集中堆场布置方式减少14.6%,且有利于促进预制构件现场装配与配送运输协同。

In order to address the lacking of systemic planning for supplying and layout of prefabricated components at the construction site,a reversed optimization method is proposed based on the analyses of the coordinated laws of hook movement and jib rotation during the assembly process of prefabricated components.The method can improve the efficiency to optimally locate the stacking location for any specified component.The decentralized multi-yard layout strategy is prompted to reduce the rotation angle of tower cranes by increasing the number of stackyards.Furthermore,the reversed optimization method is adopted to obtain the best layout scheme to maximize the hoisting efficiency.The novel method is applied to the emulational case and practical engineering case for a testification.It is found that the reversed optimization method effectively improved the solving efficiency.The total hoisting time of standard layer was reduced 14.6%compared to the centralized stackyard arrangement by adopting the decentralized multi-yard strategy.And the novel strategy can promote the synergistic between on-site assembly and delivery schedule for prefabricated component.