我国老年人身体活动与认知功能的关系——基于2017-2018年CLHLS-HF数据实证分析

The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in the Elderly in China——Based on the Empirical Analysis of CLHLS-HF Data from 2017 to 2018

背景我国老龄化观念已逐渐转变为积极老龄化理念,在不同领域的政策中进行了结构布局与政策支持,推进体卫融合理论、科技与实践。目的关注老年人身体活动与认知功能的关系,以体育推动老年群体自我认同的提升。方法本研究基于中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS-HF)2017-2018的调查数据,通过SPSS分层模型探讨老年人身体活动与认知功能的关系,探究社交活动和代际支持在二者中的调节效应。结果研究显示,参加身体活动的程度越高,我国老年人认知功能衰退的可能性就越低(B=0.315,p<0.001)。老年人为满足社交需求,身体活动与社交活动的交互作用可能呈负向显著(B=-0.056,p<0.001)。代际支持在身体活动与认知功能的关系中发挥了调节作用(B=0.03,p<0.001),进一步验证了运动疗法提高认知功能水平的积极影响。结论本研究表明,我国老年人可以通过增加身体活动开展的程度延缓认知功能的衰退,达到缓解脑缺血,延长健康大脑寿命的效果,进而延缓阿尔兹海默症、痴呆等神经退行性疾病的发生。

Background The concept of aging in China has gradually changed to the concept of active aging,and the structural layout and policy support have been carried out in different fields of policies to promote the theory,technology and practice of the integration of sports and health.Objective To pay attention to the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in the elderly,and to promote the improvement of self-identity of the elderly group through physical education.Methods Based on the survey data of the China Longitudinal Survey on Influencing Factors of Elderly Health(CLHLS-HF)from 2017 to 2018,this study explored the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in the elderly through the SPSS stratification model,and explored the moderating effects of social activity and intergenerational support in the two.Results The results showed that the higher the degree of physical activity,the lower the possibility of cognitive decline among the elderly in China(B=0.315,p<0.001).In order to meet the social needs of the elderly,the interaction between physical activity and social activities may be negatively significant(B=-0.056,p<0.001).Intergenerational support played a moderating role in the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function(B=0.03,p<0.001),which further verified the positive effect of exercise therapy on improving cognitive function.Conclusion This study shows that the elderly in China can delay the decline of cognitive function by increasing the degree of physical activity,so as to alleviate cerebral ischemia and prolong the lifespan of healthy brains,and then delay the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia.