文旅融合政策结构体系、演进规律及话语生成机制——基于1993—2024年政策文本的扎根分析

The Structural System,the Evolutionary Law and the Discourse-based Generation Mechanism of the Policies of Integrating Culture and Tourism:An Empirical Analysis of Policy Texts from 1993 to 2024 Based on a Grounded Theory Approach

机构改革及完善文旅融合体制机制引起了学界对文旅融合政策的关注。研究以1993—2024年中央层面出台的143份文旅融合政策为数据来源,对政策数量、政策主体等进行分析;借鉴间断均衡理论,探究文旅融合政策演进历史及内在规律;依托扎根理论编码,构建文旅融合政策制定核心要素及话语生成机制。研究发现,文旅融合政策主体呈现多元化、复杂化态势,部门间的协同效应不断增强;文旅融合政策演进历程中,政策理念、政策过程和价值取向发生极大变化,文旅融合理念逐渐呈现;政策制定过程从“问题导向”的管理理念转向“多元协同”的治理理念;政策工具日益兼顾供给型、环境型、需求型等多种类型。制度结构、治理情境、政策工具、融合系统、话语表达可系统呈现文旅融合政策制定的核心要素。

The institutional reform and the improvement of the system and mechanism for integrating culture and tourism have drawn attention from the academic community to the policies of the integration of culture and tourism.This study focuses on 143 policies on the integration of culture and tourism issued by the central government from 1993 to 2024 as its data resources,and analyzed the implications of the quantity and subjects of these policies.Drawing on the intermittent equilibrium theory,this paper delves into the historical evolution and the internal law of these policies on the integration of culture and tourism.Through the help of the grounded theory,it constructs the fundamental elements of the policy formulation for the integration of culture and tourism as well as the discourse-based generation mechanism.It has the following conclusions:The subjects of the policies of the integration of culture and tourism show the features of pluralism and complexity,leading to a growing synergistic effect among different departments.Throughout the evolutionary process,significant changes have occurred in terms of policy concepts and processes as well as value orientations,ultimately giving rise to the emergence of the concept of the integration of culture and tourism.The policymaking process has experienced a shift from a problem-oriented management concept to a governance concept of multi-coordination.Policy tools are continuously incorporating the supply-based type,the environment-based type,the demand-based type and others.The institutional structure,the governance context,policy tools,integrated systems and discursive expression can systematically present the core elements of making the policies of the integration of culture and tourism.