于“情”于“理”:失能老人家庭照护危机研究

A Study of the Crises of Family Care for the Disabled Elderly in the Context of“Humanitas”and“Reason”

应用情理社会理论从照护者角度出发分析失能老人家庭照护危机的形成与应对。家庭照护是当前老人照护的主导模式,而女性在老人家庭照护者中占七成。个案研究发现,在中国式情理社会中,女性照料者的照护决策、行为和感受取决于“情”“理”状况;以“情”为核心的联结感决定照护责任承担主观意愿,作为“理”之关键的其他责任重要性决定照护责任承担的客观条件;在联结感强且其他责任较少的情况下,照护承担带来较强的意义感和价值感,而在其他情况下,照护承担可能为照护者带来较多的压力;同时,“情”和“理”的松动和变化也造成新的照护危机和心理危机。鉴于照护承担意愿和条件多样性,应调整社会政策及相关举措协助、促成或替代女性照护者进行失能老人家庭照护。

Using the theory on the society of humanitas and reason,this paper analyzes the emergence and coping strategies of the crises of family care for the disabled elderly from a perspective of caregivers.Family care is the dominant model of the aged care nowadays,while female caregivers account for 70%.The case study has the following conclusions:1)In a society of humanitas and reason like China,female caregivers'decisions,behaviors,and feelings are related to their state of“humanitas”and“reason”.2)The sense of connection with the former as the core determines the subjective good will of the caregiver's responsibility,while the importance of other responsibilities as the core of the latter determines the objective conditions of the caregiver's responsibility.In the case of a weak sense of connection or less responsibility,caregiving behavior produces a relatively strong sense of significance and value.In other cases,the caregiver's responsibility may bring more pressure to the caregiver.At the same time,the flexibility and changes in“humanitas”and“reason”also bring about new caregiving and psychological crises.Given the diversity of the caregiver's willingness and conditions,it is necessary to adjust the relevant social policies and measures to assist,facilitate or substitute the female caregivers in providing family care for the disabled elderly.