肺结核诊疗研究进展

Research Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

我国是肺结核高负担国家,加强肺结核的诊断技术、治疗方法的研究具有现实意义。目前,改良抗酸染色法、快速检测法和全基因组测序技术在肺结核的诊断方面表现出巨大潜能,其对耐药结核病和菌阴肺结核的诊断率已被证实。此外,常规一线、二线口服类抗结核药物的联用不仅能提高治疗效率,还能改善机体免疫功能。同时,中药制剂、穴位敷贴等中医治疗体系与西医的不断融合正在弥补西医抗结核治疗的不足。随着疫苗等的普及和临床治疗能力的提升,我国的肺结核患病率呈逐年下降趋势,未来还需要深入研究以进一步提高肺结核的诊断率和治疗率。

China is a country with a high burden of pulmonary tuberculosis,and it is of practical significance to strengthen the research on the diagnostic techniques and treatment methods.At present,the improved acid-fast staining method,rapid detection method and whole genome sequencing technology have shown great potential in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis,and their diagnostic rates for drug-resistant and bacteriological negative pulmonary tuberculosis have been confirmed.In addition,the combination of conventional first-line and second-line oral anti-tuberculosis drugs can not only improve the treatment efficiency,but also enhance the body′s immune function.Meanwhile,the continuous integration of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment systems such as TCM preparations and acupoint patches with western medicine is making up for the shortcomings of western medicine′s anti-tuberculosis treatment.With the popularization of vaccines and the improvement of clinical treatment capabilities,the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in China has been declining year by year.In the future,further research is still needed to improve the diagnosis and treatment rates.