航空发动机涡轮盘定寿及可靠性评估方法综述

Review of lifetime and reliability assessment methods for aero-engine turbine disk

针对中国航空发动机寿命管理发展的迫切需求,本文综述了5种航空发动机涡轮盘定寿方法:预定安全循环寿命定寿法、2/3功能失效定寿法、数据库定寿法、损伤容限定寿法以及因故退役定寿法。首先,从无损检测及在线监测技术、载荷及失效模式分析技术和先进疲劳寿命预测方法3个方面,系统分析了涡轮盘定寿方法的发展趋势及前景。其次,结合实际工程案例,介绍了基于选定定寿方法的可靠性评估流程、参数确定及其适用条件,并探讨了试验样本数量及不同寿命分布假设对定寿结果的影响。最后,总结了现有研究工作和涡轮盘定寿方法未来的发展趋势,指出中国航空发动机涡轮盘定寿工作应以充分发挥部件的寿命潜力为目标,并基于实际工程需求,结合新型传感器、数字孪生、机器学习等相关先进技术开展,从而进一步提高航空发动机全寿命周期的可靠性和经济性。

Aiming at the urgent demand for the development of life management for aero-engine in China,this study reviewed five kinds of lifetime assessment methods for aero-engine turbine disk,including the predicted safe cyclic life lifetime assessment method,the 2/3 dysfunction lifetime assessment method,the databank lifetime assessment method,the damage tolerance lifetime assessment method and the retirement for cause lifetime assessment method.Firstly,the development trends and prospects of lifetime assessment methods for turbine disk were systematically analyzed from three perspectives of non-destructive testing and online monitoring techniques,load and failure mode analysis techniques and advanced fatigue life prediction methods.Secondly,combined with practical engineering cases,the reliability assessment procedures,parameter determination and applicable conditions of the selected lifetime assessment method were introduced.And the impact of the number of test samples and different life distribution assumptions on the lifetime assessment results were explored.Finally,the existing research work and future development trends of turbine disk lifetime assessment methods were summarized.It was pointed out that the lifetime assessment of aero-engine turbine disk in China should aim at fully tap into the life potential of components,and based on practical engineering needs,combining with related advanced technologies such as new sensor,digital twins and machine learning,in order to further improve the reliability and economy of the entire life cycle of aero-engine.