FAU沸石分子筛膜的制备及渗透汽化研究进展

Progress in preparation and pervaporation of FAU zeolite membranes

【目的】faujasite(FAU)沸石分子筛膜作为重要的亲水性、大孔径(0.74 nm)的膜材料,在渗透汽化(pervaporation,PV)液体分离领域具有广阔的应用前景。促进FAU沸石分子筛膜的开发、应用,在PV领域的发展应得到重视。【研究现状】综述近年来FAU沸石分子筛膜的制备方法,包括原位合成法、干凝胶法、二次生长法、微波加热法等,分析各种方法的特点;探讨如何通过制备参数调控实现FAU沸石分子筛膜性能提升的策略;总结FAU沸石分子筛膜的PV分离机制,在PV领域的应用进展和所面临的挑战。【展望】有效制备无缺陷的FAU沸石分子筛膜,提高分离性能,应进一步聚焦于FAU沸石分子筛膜的制备方法创新、制备工艺优化和膜结构精密调控;FAU沸石分子筛膜有望在工业分离过程中发挥更大的作用。

Significance FAU zeolite membranes have garnered substantial scientific and technological interest due to their potential in various separation processes,especially pervaporation.These membranes are notable for their high thermal stability,chemical resistance,and exceptional selectivity,making them promising candidates for applications in chemical processing,biomolecular sensing,and environmental protection.Specifically,the large pore size(0.74 nm)and high hydrophilicity of FAU zeolites enable effective separation of liquid mixtures,making them highly valuable for industrial applications such as the dehydration of organic solvents and wastewater treatment.The development of FAU zeolite membranes not only enhances separation efficiency but also offers a sustainable and energy-efficient alternative to traditional separation methods.Progress Over recent decades,significant advancements have been made in synthesizing and applying FAU zeolite membranes for pervaporation.Various synthesis methods,including in-situ synthesis,dry gel conversion,secondary growth,and microwave-assisted synthesis,have been explored to enhance membrane quality and performance.Optimization of synthesis parameters such as temperature,time,and gel composition has shown promising results in achieving defect-free membranes with high selectivity and flux.Techniques like ion exchange and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)modification of tubular supports have further enhanced membrane properties.Furthermore,a deep understanding of the pervaporation separation mechanism of FAU zeolite membranes is crucial for elucidating the relationship between membrane structure and pervaporation performance,predicting suitable application systems,and achieving high separation efficiency.Most recently,researchers have investigated the pervaporation separation mechanism of FAU membranes through the relationship between single gas permeance,pervaporation permeance,and polarity index(affinity).The results indicated that within a similar range of permeate molecule sizes,gas permeation exhibited Knudsen selectivity.However,the PV permeance showed a good correlation with the polarity index,suggesting that the PV separation process through FAU membranes is governed by an adsorption-diffusion mechanism.This strong correlation provides a novel,convenient,and environmentally friendly tool for predicting PV performance.Additionally,researchers have explored the application of FAU membranes in the pervaporation of various mixtures,demonstrating their potential for the efficient separation of water and organic solvents.Despite these advancements,the synthesis of defect-free,reproducible,industrially scalable,and cost-effective FAU membranes with high separation performance remains a crucial challenge to be addressed.Conclusions and Prospects Significant progress has been achieved in developing FAU zeolite membranes for pervaporation.However,challenges persist in achieving reproducibility,scalability,and minimal defects.Future research should focus on optimizing synthesis conditions,exploring advanced characterization techniques,and validating membrane performance in industrial settings.Innovative synthesis methods tailored for FAU zeolite membranes,such as vacuum-seeding and microwave heating,warrant further exploration.Detailed studies on pervaporation mechanisms are essential for better understanding and controlling the separation process.Industrial application studies are crucial for validating laboratory-scale successes and adapting membranes for practical use.Improving mechanical stability and reducing defects are key to successful implementation in real-world applications.Addressing these challenges through systematic research and technological innovation could establish FAU zeolite membranes as pioneers in membrane separation,particularly in pervaporation and other separation processes.