三角帆蚌对城镇污水处理厂尾水深度净化效果及机理研究

Study on the deep purification effect and mechanism of tail water in urban sewage treatment plants by Hyriopsis cumingii

以某城镇污水处理厂尾水为试验对象,设计了一种贝类立体净化系统,选择三角帆蚌作为试验贝类,考察三角帆蚌对城镇污水处理厂尾水深度净化效果及其机理特征.结果表明,三角帆蚌对城镇污水处理厂尾水COD_(cr)(化学需氧量)、NH_(3)-N(氨氮)、TP(总磷)净化效果均能稳定达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838-2002)的Ⅳ类标准,对COD_(cr)、NH_(3)-N、TP的平均去除率分别为48.2%、56.2%、63.9%,三角帆蚌体质量每生长1 kg所能削减的COD_(cr)、NH_(3)-N、TP污染量分别为91.69、6.42、1.46 g.三角帆蚌主要通过发达的滤食组织系统,将尾水中C、N、P等物质吸收转化为贝壳和软组织生长元素,一方面可以深度净化尾水水质,另一方面贝类可被提取作为生态产品,带来经济效益.进而对城镇污水处理厂尾水深度净化应用提供科学技术依据.

By using the shellfish Hyriopsis cumingii(H.cumingii),a three-dimensional purification system was designed for the tail water of an urban sewage treatment plants to explore the removal rate and mechanism of pollutants during the purification.It was shown that the purification effect of COD cr(chemical oxygen demand),NH_(3)-N(ammonia nitrogen)and TP(total phosphorus)in tail water of urban sewage treatment plants by H.cumingii can stably meet the levelⅣcriteria of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002),and the average removal rates of COD cr,NH_(3)-N and TP were 48.2%,56.2%and 63.9%,respectively.The amount of pollutants COD cr,NH_(3)-N and TP can be respectively reduced by 91.69 g,6.42 g and 1.46 g,for 1 kg fresh weight of the body weight growth of the H.cumingii.The H.cumingii mainly absorbs C,N,P and other substances in the tail water,and transforms into shell and soft tissue through the well-developed filter-feeding system.On the one hand,the water quality of tail water can be further improved to be deeply purified,on the other hand,the shellfish can be treated as ecological products,bringing about economic benefits.Furthermore,it provides scientific and technical support for the application of tail water deep purification in urban sewage treatment plants.