女性戒毒人员人格与药物渴求之间的链式中介作用及健步走干预效果

The chain-mediating between personality and drug craving in female drug addicts and the effect of brisk walking intervention

[目的]基于Mowen 3M人格层次模型理论,探讨女性戒毒人员人格与药物渴求之间的关系,进一步分析负性情绪和睡眠质量在人格与药物渴求之间的作用,以及健步走对女性戒毒人员负性情绪、睡眠质量和药物渴求的干预效果,为戒毒工作提供理论依据.[方法]抽取河南省女子强制隔离戒毒所148名女性戒毒人员为研究对象,健步走干预时间3月,采用药物渴求问卷(DDQ)、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)进行测试,运用SPSS及其宏程序PROCESS对数据进行分析处理.[结果](1)女性戒毒人员药物渴求、抑郁、焦虑、睡眠质量指数、神经质人格和精神质人格相互之间存在显著正相关关系(r=0.254~0.437,P<0.05),(2)女性戒毒人员神经质人格、精神质人格、抑郁和睡眠质量指数均能显著正向预测药物渴求(β=0.254~0.412,P<0.05),(3)睡眠质量和抑郁在神经质人格对药物渴求的作用中存在链式中介效应;(4)健步走干预前后,抑郁(β=0.211,P<0.05)和睡眠质量指数(β=0.226,P<0.01)均能够正向预测药物渴求,证实了健步走可以通过改善女性戒毒人员抑郁和睡眠质量来降低其药物渴求;(5)健步走干预前后不同人格类型间负性情绪、睡眠质量指数和药物渴求的差异均不具有统计学意义(P>0.05).[结论](1)神经质人格可直接影响药物渴求,也可通过睡眠质量与抑郁间接影响药物渴求;(2)健步走对不同人格类型女性戒毒人员的负性情绪、睡眠质量和药物渴求影响不明显.

[Objective]Based on the Mowen 3M hierarchal model,this study aims to explore the relationship between personality and drug craving among female drug addicts,further analyze the role of depression and sleep quality between personality and drug craving.Finally,this study explores the intervention effects of brisk walking on negative emotion,sleep quality,and drug craving of female drug addicts.The study attempts to provide some theoretical basis for drug rehabilitation.[Methods]The study used the drug desire questionnaire(DDQ),eysenck personality questionnaire-resumplified Chinese version(EPQ-RSC),Self-assessment Scale for Anxiety(SAS),Selfassessment Scale for Depression(SDS),and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)to measure drug craving,personality,negativ emotion,and sleep quality of 148 female drug addicts who received 3 months brisk walking in Henan Province Women's Compulsory Isolation and Drug Rehabilitation Center.SPSS and their macro program PROCESS are used to analyze and process the data.[Results](1)There was a significant positive correlation between drug craving,depression,anxiety,sleep quality index,neuroticism,and psychoticism among female drug addicts(r=0.254-0.437,P<0.05);(2)Neuroticism,psychoticism,depression,and sleep quality index of female drug addicts could positively predict drug craving(β=0.254-0.412,P<0.05);(3)As for the effect of neuroticism on drug craving,sleep quality,and depression had a chained mediating effect;(4)Depression(β=0.211,P<0.05)and sleep quality index(β=0.226,P<0.01)were positively predictive of drug craving before and after the brisk walking intervention,which verified that brisk walking reduces drug cravings among female addicts by improving their depression and sleep quality;(5)There were no differences in negative emotion,sleep quality index,and drug craving between personality types before and after the brisk walking intervention(P>0.05).[Conclusion](1)Neuroticism can affect drug cravings directly and indirectly through sleep quality and depression;(2)Brisk walking has little effect on negative emotion,sleep quality,and drug craving among female drug addicts with different personality types.