核事故辐射损伤伤员快速分类诊断方法研究

Rapid classification and diagnosis method of radiation injury casualties in nuclear accident

目的建立核事故辐射损伤伤员受照剂量快速诊断方法,并编写快速分类诊断程序。方法采用德尔菲(Delphi)专家咨询法进行2轮咨询,筛选诊断指标,应用层次分析(AHP)法确立指标权重,将其与评价指标的程度分级相结合,建立核事故辐射损伤伤员快速分类诊断方法。结果2轮问卷调查的回收率均大于90%,2轮咨询专家的权威系数均大于0.8,专家的积极程度和权威程度均较高。经过2轮专家咨询,筛选出15项指标,并确定各项指标的权重,最终构建了一套简明实用的核事故辐射损伤伤员快速分类诊断方法及程序。结论通过Delphi法和AHP法结合,构建的快速分类诊断方法科学可行,能为核事故辐射损伤伤员快速分类诊断提供客观、可量化的依据。

Objective To establish a rapid diagnostic method for radiation dose of nuclear accident casualties and to create a rapid classification and diagnosis program.Methods Two rounds of consultation were carried out by Delphi expert consultation method,and evaluation indexes were screened.The index weight was determined by analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and it was combined with the degree classification of the indexes to establish a rapid classification and diagnosis method for radiation injury of nuclear accident.Results The response rates of two rounds of expert consultation were both greater than 90%,and the authority coefficients were both greater than 0.8.The degree of positivity and authority of experts is high.Fifteen indexes were selected and the index weights were determined.A set of concise and practical methods and procedures were finally constructed for the rapid classification and diagnosis of radiation‑induced casualties in nuclear accidents.Conclusion The rapid classification and diagnosis method constructed by Delphi and AHP methods in this study is scientific and feasible,which provides objective and quantifiable basis for the rapid classification and diagnosis of radiation injuries in nuclear accidents.