蟹壳粉的特殊结构对蓖麻油基复合材料结构与性能的影响

Effect of the Special Structure of Crab Shell Powder on the Structure and Properties of Castor Oil-based Composites

蟹壳是一种常见水产废弃物,具有硬度大、众多官能团等特点,研究发现开发蟹壳作为功能填料制备高分子复合材料前景较好。本工作使用蟹壳粉作为填料,以蓖麻油与二苯基甲烷二氰酸酯合成蓖麻油基聚氨酯预聚体(COPU),制备了复合材料(COS-50),填料添加量达50%。同时使用碳酸钙粉作为填料制备了碳酸钙粉增强蓖麻油基聚氨酯复合材料(COC-50)作为对照组来探究蟹壳粉结构对材料性能的影响。采用红外光谱、SEM、TGA、拉力测试对复合材料的界面结构和各方面性能进行了分析。探究发现,蟹壳独特的甲壳素-蛋白质结构上含有的活性基团与COPU发生化学反应成键,所得材料COS-50力学性能表现出色,抗拉强度达到34.3 MPa,弹性模量为5454.0 MPa,界面相容性良好。

Crab shell is a common aquatic waste with characteristics such as hardness and numerous functional groups.It is found that there is a good prospect in the development of crab shells as functional fillers for the preparation of polymer composites.In this experiment,crab shell powder and castor oil-based polyurethane prepolymer(COPU)was combined to prepare the composite material(COS-50)with the filler addition as high as 50%.castor oil-based polyurethane composite(COC-50)reinforced with calcium carbonate powder was also prepared using calcium carbonate powder as filler as a control group to investigate the effect of crab shell powder structure on the material properties.The interfacial structure and various properties of the composites were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy,SEM,TGA,and tensile testing.It is found that the reactive groups contained in the unique chitin-protein fiber mesh structure of crab shells chemically react with the composites to form bonds,whose the mechanical properties performed well,with tensile strength of 34.3 MPa and modulus of elasticity of 5454.0 MPa,and good interfacial compatibility.