我国职业教育与培训一体化:关键问题、实施模式与推进路径

Integration of Vocational Education and Training in China:Key Issues,Implementation Models,and Promotion Paths

我国职业教育与培训一体化需要解决三个关键问题:如何依托学校职业教育的办学优势实施一体化、如何在现代职业教育体系的框架内诠释一体化、如何在体制分割的条件下延续一体化。国际上职业教育与培训一体化通常采用资历框架和课程两种载体,以及以学校为主体和政府协调下的校企合作两种一体化形式。我国职业教育与培训一体化应依托学校职业教育,将课程作为一体化的关键载体。未来推进职业教育与培训一体化,应明确央地和校企在模块课程建设中的权责关系、科学推进职业院校模块化课程建设、加强职业教育与培训课程一体化的支撑制度建设。

The integration of vocational education and training in China needs to address three key issues:how to implement integration based on the advantages of school vocational education,how to interpret integration within the framework of modern vocational education system,and how to continue integration under the conditions of institutional segmentation.Internationally,vocational education and training integration usually adopts two carriers:qualification framework and curriculum,as well as two forms of integration:school enterprise cooperation with schools as the main body and government coordination.The integration of vocational education and training in China should rely on school vocational education,with curriculum as the key carrier of integration.In order to promote the integration of vocational education and training in the future,it is necessary to clarify the rights and responsibilities of the central and local governments and schools in the construction of modular courses,scientifically promote the construction of modular courses in vocational colleges,and strengthen the construction of supporting systems for the integration of vocational education and training courses.